Chlorobenzene

Chlorobenzene is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5Cl and CAS number 108-90-7. It consists of a benzene ring with one chlorine atom substituted for a hydrogen atom. With a molecular weight of 112.55 g/mol, chlorobenzene is classified as a flammable liquid and presents moderate toxicity risks. It serves as an important industrial solvent and chemical intermediate in various manufacturing processes.

Chlorobenzene is a colorless liquid with a characteristic sweet, almond-like odor at room temperature. It has a boiling point of 131.7°C and a melting point of -45.6°C. The compound is practically insoluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents including alcohols, ethers, and hydrocarbons. It has a density of approximately 1.106 g/cm³ and exhibits moderate volatility with a vapor pressure of 11.8 mmHg at 25°C.

Chlorobenzene serves primarily as a solvent for paints, adhesives, rubber, and waxes in industrial applications. It functions as a key intermediate in the production of pesticides, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. The compound is also used in the manufacture of aniline, phenol, and other aromatic chemicals. Additionally, chlorobenzene finds application as a heat transfer medium and in metal degreasing operations due to its excellent solvent properties.

Chlorobenzene requires careful handling with appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work should be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to prevent inhalation exposure. Avoid contact with skin and eyes, and prevent ignition sources as it is flammable. Use grounding and bonding procedures when transferring the liquid to prevent static electricity buildup and potential fire hazards.

Chlorobenzene must be stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and ignition points. Keep containers away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizing agents and bases. Storage areas should be equipped with appropriate fire suppression systems and spill containment measures. Ensure containers are properly labeled and stored according to local fire codes for flammable liquids.

Skin contact with chlorobenzene requires immediate removal of contaminated clothing and thorough washing with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, rinse immediately with clean water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air and provide artificial respiration if breathing stops. In case of ingestion, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical attention.

Chlorobenzene disposal must comply with local, national, and international waste regulations as it is classified as hazardous waste. The compound should be disposed of through licensed hazardous waste treatment facilities capable of handling halogenated organic solvents. Incineration at high temperatures with appropriate emission controls is typically the preferred disposal method. Never dispose of chlorobenzene in sewers, waterways, or regular waste streams.

Chlorobenzene is classified under ADR as Class 3 (flammable liquids), Packing Group III, requiring specific packaging and labeling for transport. Containers must be properly sealed, labeled with appropriate hazard labels, and accompanied by transport documents. Vehicles must carry appropriate fire extinguishing equipment and emergency response information. Drivers require ADR certification for transporting dangerous goods, and specific routing restrictions may apply in urban areas.

Chlorobenzene is regulated under multiple European frameworks including REACH registration requirements and CLP classification as Flam. Liq. 3, Acute Tox. 4, Skin Irrit. 2, and Aquatic Chronic 2. It is not currently listed as a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC). Industrial users must comply with occupational exposure limits, environmental discharge restrictions, and workplace safety regulations. Some applications may require specific permits or notifications to regulatory authorities.

Chlorobenzene is available through OYSI, a leading European distributor of specialty chemicals serving industrial customers across the continent. OYSI provides technical-grade chlorobenzene with comprehensive safety documentation and regulatory compliance support. As an established chemical distributor, OYSI offers reliable supply chains, competitive pricing, and technical expertise to support various industrial applications requiring high-quality chlorobenzene for manufacturing and processing operations.