(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid

(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid is the S-enantiomer of lactic acid, a naturally occurring organic acid with the molecular formula C3H6O3. This chiral carboxylic acid features a hydroxyl group on the second carbon atom, giving it both acidic and alcohol properties. With a molecular weight of 90.08 g/mol and CAS number 79-33-4, it is classified as a corrosive substance requiring careful handling due to its potential to cause skin and eye damage.

(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid is typically a colorless to slightly yellow liquid or crystalline solid at room temperature, depending on concentration. It is highly soluble in water and polar solvents due to its hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups. The substance has a slightly sour odor characteristic of organic acids and exhibits hygroscopic properties, readily absorbing moisture from the atmosphere. Its corrosive nature stems from its acidic pH in aqueous solutions.

(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid serves multiple industrial applications including food and beverage production as an acidulant and preservative, pharmaceutical manufacturing as an intermediate, and cosmetic formulations. It is widely used in the production of biodegradable polymers like polylactic acid (PLA), leather tanning processes, and as a pH regulator in various chemical processes. The compound also finds application in textile treatment and metal cleaning operations due to its chelating properties.

Safe handling of (2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid requires appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing due to its Skin Corr. 1C and Eye Dam. 1 classifications. Work in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to avoid inhalation. Use corrosion-resistant tools and containers, avoid contact with skin and eyes, and ensure emergency eyewash stations and safety showers are readily accessible. Always follow GHS05 pictogram warnings indicating corrosive hazards.

(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid should be stored in tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers made of suitable materials like high-density polyethylene or glass. Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances such as strong bases, oxidizing agents, and metals. Maintain storage temperatures as specified by the manufacturer and protect from direct sunlight. Ensure proper labeling with hazard information and implement appropriate containment measures to prevent environmental release.

Immediate action is required upon contact with (2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid due to its corrosive nature. For skin contact, immediately flush with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing. For eye contact, rinse immediately with water for at least 15 minutes and seek immediate medical attention. If inhaled, move to fresh air and seek medical help if breathing difficulties occur. Always consult a physician and provide the safety data sheet for proper medical treatment.

(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid disposal must comply with local, national, and EU waste regulations as it is classified as corrosive waste. Neutralization with appropriate alkaline substances under controlled conditions may be possible before disposal, but should only be performed by trained personnel. Contact licensed waste disposal companies for collection and treatment. Never dispose of down drains or into the environment. Maintain proper waste documentation and follow the waste hierarchy principles of the EU Waste Framework Directive.

(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid is classified under ADR Class 8 (Corrosive substances), Packing Group III, indicating it requires special transport considerations. Use UN-approved packaging suitable for corrosive liquids, ensure proper labeling with hazard diamonds, and provide transport documentation including safety data sheets. Vehicles must be equipped with appropriate spill containment materials and drivers require ADR training. Follow ADR regulations for loading, segregation from incompatible substances, and emergency response procedures during transport.

(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid is subject to European REACH regulation requiring registration for import/manufacture above one tonne per year. Under CLP regulation, it must be classified and labeled according to its hazard properties (Skin Corr. 1C, Eye Dam. 1). The substance is not currently listed as a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC). Compliance with occupational exposure limits, waste regulations, and transport requirements (ADR) is mandatory. Always verify current regulatory status as requirements may change.

(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals serving industrial customers across Europe. OYSI provides quality chemical products with proper documentation, safety data sheets, and regulatory compliance support. Professional customers can contact OYSI for availability, specifications, and pricing information. The company ensures proper packaging, labeling, and transport arrangements in accordance with European regulations, making it a reliable source for industrial chemical procurement needs.