Butanoic acid

Butanoic acid is a short-chain saturated carboxylic acid with the molecular formula C4H8O2 and CAS number 107-92-6. This organic compound has a molecular weight of 88.11 g/mol and belongs to the family of fatty acids. It is classified as a corrosive substance (Skin Corr. 1B) under GHS regulations, requiring careful handling due to its potential to cause severe skin burns and eye damage.

Butanoic acid is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a characteristic pungent, rancid odor reminiscent of vomit or rancid butter. It is highly soluble in water and most organic solvents due to its carboxylic acid functional group. The compound has a boiling point of approximately 164°C and a melting point of -5.1°C, making it liquid under normal storage and handling conditions.

Butanoic acid is primarily used as an intermediate in chemical synthesis, particularly in the production of esters, pharmaceuticals, and flavoring compounds. It serves as a precursor for manufacturing plasticizers, herbicides, and disinfectants. In the food industry, it is used to create artificial butter flavoring and cheese flavoring agents. Additionally, it finds applications in the production of cellulose acetate butyrate and various industrial solvents.

Butanoic acid must be handled with extreme caution due to its corrosive nature (GHS05 pictogram). Essential personal protective equipment includes chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing covering all exposed skin. Work should be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to avoid inhalation. Never handle this substance with bare hands, and ensure emergency shower and eyewash stations are readily accessible.

Butanoic acid should be stored in tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers made of glass, stainless steel, or compatible plastic materials. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and incompatible materials such as strong bases, oxidizing agents, and metals. Maintain storage temperatures below 25°C and ensure containers are properly labeled with hazard information.

Immediate action is required for any contact with butanoic acid due to its corrosive properties. For skin contact, immediately remove contaminated clothing and flush the affected area with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, rinse thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes while holding eyelids open. Seek immediate medical attention for any exposure and do not attempt to neutralize with other chemicals.

Butanoic acid disposal must comply with local, national, and European waste regulations as it is classified as hazardous waste. The substance should never be poured down drains or disposed of with regular waste. Contact licensed hazardous waste disposal companies for proper treatment, which typically involves neutralization followed by biological treatment or incineration in authorized facilities. Maintain proper documentation of disposal activities as required by law.

Butanoic acid is classified under ADR transport regulations as Class 8 (corrosive substances), Packing Group III. Transportation requires UN-approved packaging designed for corrosive liquids, proper hazard labeling, and transport documentation including safety data sheets. Vehicles must carry appropriate emergency equipment, and drivers require ADR certification. Packages must be clearly marked with UN identification numbers and hazard labels as specified in transport regulations.

Butanoic acid is subject to European REACH and CLP regulations requiring registration, classification, and labeling as a corrosive substance. It is not currently listed as a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC). Users must maintain safety data sheets, implement risk management measures, and ensure proper worker training. The substance may be subject to additional national regulations regarding handling, storage, and workplace exposure limits in different European countries.

Butanoic acid is available through OYSI, a European distributor of technical chemicals serving industrial customers across Europe. OYSI provides this corrosive chemical to qualified industrial users with proper handling capabilities and safety protocols. As a specialized chemical distributor, OYSI ensures compliance with European regulations and provides necessary documentation including safety data sheets and certificates of analysis for quality assurance.