Potassium hydroxide

Potassium hydroxide is a strong inorganic base with the chemical formula KOH and CAS number 1310-58-3. This alkaline compound has a molecular weight of 56.106 g/mol and is classified as a corrosive substance. It is commonly known as caustic potash and appears as white, deliquescent pellets, flakes, or powder that readily absorbs moisture from air.

Potassium hydroxide is a white crystalline solid at room temperature, appearing as pellets, flakes, or powder. It is odorless and highly soluble in water, generating significant heat upon dissolution. The compound is deliquescent, meaning it absorbs atmospheric moisture readily. It has a high melting point and is highly caustic, making it extremely corrosive to organic tissues.

Potassium hydroxide is used extensively in chemical manufacturing for soap production, biodiesel synthesis, and as a pH regulator. Industrial applications include battery manufacturing (alkaline batteries), textile processing, and metal cleaning. It serves as a catalyst in various chemical reactions and is used in the production of potassium salts, dyes, and pharmaceuticals in controlled industrial environments.

Potassium hydroxide requires careful handling due to its corrosive nature (Skin Corr. 1A classification). Always wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, face protection, and protective clothing when handling. Work in well-ventilated areas and avoid generating dust. Keep emergency eyewash stations and safety showers accessible. Never add water directly to solid KOH due to violent exothermic reactions.

Potassium hydroxide must be stored in a dry, well-ventilated area away from moisture and incompatible materials. Use tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers to prevent atmospheric moisture absorption. Store separately from acids, organic materials, and metals like aluminum. Maintain storage areas below 25°C and ensure adequate spill containment measures are in place.

Immediate action is required for potassium hydroxide contact due to its corrosive properties. For skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and rinse affected area with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, flush immediately with water for 15-20 minutes. If inhaled, move to fresh air. Seek immediate medical attention for all exposure incidents.

Potassium hydroxide disposal must comply with local and European waste regulations. The substance should be neutralized carefully with dilute acid under controlled conditions before disposal. Never dispose of in regular waste streams or sewage systems. Contact authorized waste management companies for proper collection and treatment. Follow waste classification codes and documentation requirements for hazardous waste disposal.

Potassium hydroxide is classified as ADR Class 8 (corrosive substances), Packing Group II, indicating moderate danger level. Transportation requires appropriate UN-approved packaging and hazard labeling with corrosive pictograms. Vehicles must carry proper documentation and emergency response information. Drivers need ADR certification for dangerous goods transport, and specific routing restrictions may apply in urban areas.

Potassium hydroxide is regulated under European CLP Regulation with classifications Acute Tox. 4 and Skin Corr. 1A, requiring danger signal word and GHS pictograms GHS05 and GHS07. It falls under REACH registration requirements but is not classified as SVHC (Substance of Very High Concern). Workplace exposure limits and safety data sheet provisions apply for industrial use.

Potassium hydroxide is available through OYSI, a European distributor of technical chemicals serving industrial customers across Europe. OYSI provides technical-grade potassium hydroxide with proper documentation, safety data sheets, and regulatory compliance support. Professional customers can access various packaging options and technical support for industrial applications through OYSI's distribution network.