Potassium

Potassium is a highly reactive alkali metal with the chemical symbol K and CAS number 7440-09-7. It is a soft, silvery-white metallic element that belongs to Group 1 of the periodic table. With a molecular weight of 39.0983 g/mol, potassium is essential for biological processes but extremely dangerous in its pure metallic form due to its violent reaction with water and air.

Potassium is a soft, silvery-white metal that can be easily cut with a knife at room temperature. It has a low melting point of 63.5°C and rapidly tarnishes when exposed to air, forming a dull oxide layer. The metal is highly reactive with water, producing hydrogen gas and potassium hydroxide in a vigorous exothermic reaction that can cause ignition.

Potassium metal is primarily used in specialized chemical synthesis and as a reducing agent in organic chemistry reactions. It serves in the production of potassium compounds, acts as a catalyst in certain industrial processes, and is utilized in laboratory applications for preparing other alkali metal derivatives. Its high reactivity makes it valuable for specific metallurgical applications and research purposes.

Potassium requires extreme caution during handling due to its Water-react. 1 and Skin Corr. 1B classifications. Always wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Handle only in inert atmosphere (nitrogen or argon) to prevent oxidation. Keep away from water, moisture, and oxidizing agents. Use appropriate fume hoods and ensure emergency shower/eyewash stations are accessible.

Potassium must be stored under inert conditions, typically immersed in mineral oil or kerosene to prevent contact with air and moisture. Store in cool, dry areas away from water sources, acids, and oxidizing materials. Use appropriate containers that prevent oxygen ingress and maintain temperatures below 40°C. Ensure storage areas have proper ventilation and fire suppression systems.

Immediate action is crucial for potassium contact due to its corrosive nature. For skin contact, brush off any solid particles (do not use water initially), then rinse with copious amounts of water. For eye contact, flush immediately with water for at least 15 minutes. If ingested, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical attention. Remove contaminated clothing carefully.

Potassium disposal requires specialized hazardous waste procedures due to its reactive nature. Never dispose of in regular waste streams or pour down drains. Small quantities can be carefully neutralized by trained personnel using appropriate alcohols under controlled conditions. Larger amounts must be handled by licensed hazardous waste disposal companies following local and EU waste regulations.

Potassium is classified as ADR Class 4.3 (substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases), Packing Group I, indicating maximum danger level. It requires specialized packaging that prevents contact with moisture and air. Transportation must comply with ADR regulations, using appropriate labels, documentation, and trained personnel. Only authorized carriers can transport this highly regulated substance.

Potassium is subject to strict regulations under CLP (Classification, Labelling and Packaging) with mandatory Danger signal word and GHS02/GHS05 pictograms. While not listed as SVHC under REACH, it requires safety data sheets and proper classification. National regulations may impose additional restrictions on purchase, storage, and use due to its extreme reactivity and potential safety hazards.

OYSI serves as a reliable European distributor for potassium and other specialty chemicals. As an established chemical distributor, OYSI can provide potassium with proper documentation, safety data sheets, and regulatory compliance support. Contact OYSI directly to discuss availability, specifications, and delivery options for your specific application requirements while ensuring all regulatory obligations are met.