Ethyl formate

Ethyl formate is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C3H6O2 and CAS number 109-94-4. It belongs to the ester family and has a molecular weight of 74.08 g/mol. This flammable liquid is characterized by its fruity, rum-like odor and is commonly used as a flavoring agent and solvent. Ethyl formate is classified as a hazardous substance with multiple safety classifications including flammable liquid category 2 and acute toxicity category 4.

Ethyl formate is a colorless, volatile liquid with a characteristic pleasant, fruity odor reminiscent of rum or peach. It has a relatively low boiling point of approximately 54°C and is miscible with most organic solvents. The compound is slightly soluble in water and has a density lower than water. Its volatile nature makes it evaporate readily at room temperature, contributing to its strong odor and flammability characteristics.

Ethyl formate is primarily used as a flavoring agent in the food and beverage industry, providing fruity notes to various products. It serves as an effective solvent in pharmaceutical formulations, coatings, and adhesives. The compound is also utilized in pesticide formulations as both an active ingredient and carrier solvent. Additionally, it finds applications in the production of synthetic leather, plastics, and as an intermediate in organic synthesis processes.

Ethyl formate requires careful handling due to its flammability and toxicity. Personal protective equipment must include safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, and appropriate clothing to prevent skin contact. Work should be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to avoid inhalation. Keep away from ignition sources, heat, and sparks. Ground all equipment to prevent static electricity buildup. Avoid contact with eyes and skin, and prevent vapor accumulation in confined spaces.

Ethyl formate must be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources, sparks, and open flames. Use appropriate containers made of compatible materials and keep tightly closed when not in use. Storage temperature should be maintained below 25°C to minimize vapor pressure. Keep away from oxidizing agents and incompatible materials. Store in areas equipped with appropriate fire suppression systems and ensure proper grounding of storage containers to prevent static buildup.

Ethyl formate exposure requires immediate action depending on the contact route. For skin contact, immediately remove contaminated clothing and wash affected area with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. In case of eye contact, flush immediately with water for 15-20 minutes and seek medical attention. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately and seek medical help if breathing difficulties occur. For ingestion, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical attention.

Ethyl formate disposal must comply with local, national, and international waste regulations. The substance cannot be disposed of in regular waste streams due to its hazardous classification. Contact licensed waste disposal companies specialized in hazardous chemical waste management. Small quantities may be allowed for controlled incineration in approved facilities. Always consult local environmental authorities for specific disposal requirements and ensure proper documentation of waste disposal activities.

Ethyl formate is classified as ADR Class 3 (flammable liquids), Packing Group II, requiring specific transport regulations compliance. Vehicles must be equipped with appropriate safety equipment and drivers must hold ADR certification. Use UN-approved packaging and labeling with proper shipping documents. Transport vehicles should be grounded and equipped with fire extinguishers. Avoid transport during extreme temperatures and ensure proper ventilation. Follow all applicable dangerous goods transport regulations for road, rail, air, and sea transport.

Ethyl formate is regulated under various European and international frameworks. Under REACH regulation, it requires registration for import/manufacture above certain tonnages. The CLP regulation mandates specific classification and labeling requirements with GHS02 and GHS07 pictograms and 'Danger' signal word. It is not currently listed as an SVHC substance. Workplace exposure limits may apply under occupational health regulations. Food-grade applications must comply with food additive regulations.

Ethyl formate is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals serving various industries across Europe. OYSI provides high-quality ethyl formate with proper documentation, safety data sheets, and regulatory compliance support. As a professional chemical supplier, OYSI ensures proper handling, storage, and transport of hazardous materials according to European regulations. Contact OYSI directly for availability, specifications, and delivery options tailored to your specific requirements and location within Europe.