Tetrachlorosilane

Tetrachlorosilane is an inorganic chemical compound with the molecular formula Cl4Si and CAS number 10026-04-7. This silicon tetrachloride has a molecular weight of 169.9 g/mol and belongs to the family of silicon halides. It is classified as a hazardous substance with specific target organ toxicity, skin irritation, and eye irritation properties. The compound carries a Warning signal word and requires careful handling due to its corrosive nature and potential health effects.

Tetrachlorosilane is a colorless, fuming liquid at room temperature with a pungent, suffocating odor. The compound has a molecular weight of 169.9 g/mol and reacts violently with water, producing hydrogen chloride gas and silicic acid. It has a low boiling point and high vapor pressure, making it highly volatile. The substance is miscible with most organic solvents but decomposes in the presence of moisture, releasing corrosive hydrochloric acid vapors.

Tetrachlorosilane is primarily used as a precursor in the production of high-purity silicon for semiconductor applications and solar panels. It serves as an intermediate in the manufacture of silicones, silicone polymers, and various organosilicon compounds. The chemical industry uses it for producing fumed silica, optical fibers, and specialty glass materials. Additionally, it finds applications in chemical vapor deposition processes and as a reagent in analytical chemistry for silicon-based material synthesis.

Tetrachlorosilane requires strict safety precautions including use of chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing to prevent skin and eye contact. Work must be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods due to its corrosive vapors. Respiratory protection is essential when handling larger quantities. Avoid contact with water and moisture, as this causes violent reactions. Emergency shower and eyewash stations should be readily accessible, and personnel must be trained in proper handling procedures.

Tetrachlorosilane must be stored in tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from moisture and water sources. Storage areas should be equipped with appropriate ventilation systems and spill containment measures. Keep away from incompatible materials such as alcohols, amines, and strong bases. Containers should be properly labeled and stored in secondary containment systems. Regular inspection of storage containers is necessary to detect any signs of corrosion or leakage.

Tetrachlorosilane contact requires immediate emergency response. For skin contact, immediately remove contaminated clothing and flush affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. In case of eye contact, rinse immediately with clean water for 15-20 minutes and seek medical attention promptly. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air and provide artificial respiration if breathing has stopped. Do not induce vomiting if ingested. Seek immediate medical attention in all cases of exposure.

Tetrachlorosilane disposal must comply with local and national hazardous waste regulations. The substance cannot be disposed of in regular waste streams due to its corrosive and toxic properties. Arrange disposal through licensed hazardous waste contractors who can handle corrosive materials safely. Small quantities may be neutralized carefully by trained personnel using appropriate procedures, but this should only be done following proper safety protocols. Always consult local environmental authorities for specific disposal requirements.

Tetrachlorosilane is classified under ADR Class 8 (corrosive substances) with Packing Group II, indicating moderate danger level. Transportation requires appropriate UN-specification packaging designed for corrosive liquids. Vehicles must carry proper hazard placards and emergency response information. Drivers need ADR training certification for handling corrosive materials. Shipments must include proper documentation, safety data sheets, and emergency contact information. Transportation should avoid extreme temperatures and ensure packages remain upright and secure during transit.

Tetrachlorosilane is subject to various European regulations including REACH registration requirements and CLP classification standards. It is not currently listed as a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC) under REACH. The substance must be classified with appropriate hazard pictograms (GHS07) and Warning signal words on packaging and safety data sheets. Industrial users must comply with occupational exposure limits and workplace safety regulations. Import and handling may require specific permits depending on quantities and intended use.

Tetrachlorosilane is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals serving industrial customers across Europe. As a professional chemical supplier, OYSI provides high-quality tetrachlorosilane with proper documentation, safety data sheets, and regulatory compliance support. The company offers reliable supply chains and technical expertise to ensure safe handling and transportation. Contact OYSI directly for availability, specifications, and delivery options tailored to your specific industrial requirements and location within Europe.