Tetrachlorosilane

Tetrachlorosilane is a chemical compound with the molecular formula Cl4Si and CAS number 10026-04-7. It belongs to the family of chlorosilanes and has a molecular weight of 169.9 g/mol. This silicon tetrachloride compound is classified as hazardous with warning pictogram GHS07, indicating potential skin and eye irritation as well as specific target organ toxicity. It serves as an important intermediate in silicon chemistry and semiconductor manufacturing processes.

Tetrachlorosilane is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a pungent, irritating odor. It has a molecular weight of 169.9 g/mol and reacts violently with water, producing hydrogen chloride gas and silicic acid. The compound is highly volatile and corrosive, making it sensitive to moisture. It is soluble in organic solvents but decomposes rapidly in aqueous environments, which is characteristic of chlorosilane compounds.

Tetrachlorosilane is primarily used in the semiconductor industry for the production of high-purity silicon and silicon-based materials. It serves as a key precursor in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes for manufacturing silicon wafers and electronic components. Additionally, it is utilized in the synthesis of various organosilicon compounds, silicones, and as an intermediate in the production of optical fibers and specialty glass materials for advanced technological applications.

Tetrachlorosilane requires careful handling with appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work should be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to prevent inhalation of vapors. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and mucous membranes as the compound causes irritation (Skin Irrit. 2; Eye Irrit. 2). Keep away from moisture and water to prevent violent reactions and hydrogen chloride formation.

Tetrachlorosilane must be stored in a cool, dry place away from moisture, water, and incompatible materials. Use tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers in well-ventilated storage areas. Keep away from heat sources, ignition sources, and oxidizing agents. Storage areas should be equipped with appropriate ventilation systems and emergency response equipment. Ensure containers are properly labeled and stored according to local chemical storage regulations to prevent accidental exposure or reactions.

In case of skin contact with tetrachlorosilane, immediately remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, flush eyes thoroughly with clean water for at least 15 minutes and remove contact lenses if present. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air immediately. Seek medical attention promptly for all exposure incidents, as the compound can cause irritation and specific target organ toxicity.

Tetrachlorosilane must be disposed of as hazardous waste through licensed waste management facilities. Never pour down drains or dispose of in regular waste streams due to its corrosive nature and potential environmental impact. Contact certified hazardous waste disposal companies for proper collection and treatment. Follow local and national regulations for chemical waste disposal, including proper labeling and documentation. Small quantities should be neutralized carefully by qualified personnel before disposal.

Tetrachlorosilane is classified as ADR Class 8 (corrosive substances), Packing Group II, indicating significant transport hazards. It must be transported in approved UN-specification packaging with proper hazard labels and documentation. Vehicles must carry appropriate emergency equipment and drivers require ADR certification. The compound requires specific packaging instructions due to its corrosive nature and potential for generating harmful vapors during transport incidents.

Tetrachlorosilane is subject to various chemical regulations including REACH registration requirements in Europe and CLP classification. It is not listed as a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC), but its hazard classification (STOT SE 3; Skin Irrit. 2; Eye Irrit. 2) requires compliance with workplace safety standards. Users must follow proper risk assessment procedures, maintain safety data sheets, and implement appropriate risk management measures according to chemical safety regulations.

Tetrachlorosilane is available through OYSI, a European distributor specializing in technical chemicals. As an established chemical supplier, OYSI provides quality tetrachlorosilane to industrial customers across Europe with proper documentation and safety data sheets. Professional buyers can contact OYSI for product availability, technical specifications, and regulatory compliance support. The company ensures proper handling and delivery of hazardous chemicals according to European transport and safety regulations.