Propyl carbonochloridate

Propyl carbonochloridate is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H7ClO2 and CAS number 109-61-5. This substance belongs to the family of chloroformate esters, characterized by the presence of both carbonyl and chlorine functional groups. With a molecular weight of 122.55 g/mol, it is classified as a highly hazardous chemical requiring careful handling due to its flammable, toxic, and corrosive properties.

Propyl carbonochloridate is typically a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature with a pungent, acrid odor characteristic of chloroformate compounds. The substance is moisture-sensitive and readily hydrolyzes in the presence of water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas. It has limited solubility in water due to its hydrolytic instability but is generally soluble in organic solvents such as alcohols and ethers.

Propyl carbonochloridate is primarily used as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical manufacturing. It serves as an acylating agent for the introduction of propoxycarbonyl protecting groups in peptide synthesis and other organic reactions. The compound is also utilized in the production of carbamate pesticides, pharmaceutical intermediates, and specialty chemicals where selective carbonylation reactions are required in controlled industrial processes.

Propyl carbonochloridate must be handled with extreme caution using appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and respiratory protection. Work should be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to prevent inhalation exposure. Due to its flammable nature (Flam. Liq. 2), keep away from ignition sources, and because of its corrosive properties (Skin Corr. 1B), avoid direct skin contact at all times.

Propyl carbonochloridate should be stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from moisture and incompatible materials. Keep containers away from heat sources and ignition points due to its flammable classification. The substance must be protected from water and humidity as it hydrolyzes readily, and should be stored separately from bases, alcohols, and other nucleophilic compounds that can react violently with chloroformates.

Propyl carbonochloridate contact requires immediate emergency response due to its corrosive and toxic nature. For skin contact, immediately flush with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes and remove contaminated clothing. In case of eye contact, rinse thoroughly with water and seek immediate medical attention. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately and seek medical care. Never induce vomiting if swallowed; rinse mouth and seek immediate medical assistance.

Propyl carbonochloridate disposal must comply with local and national hazardous waste regulations as it is classified as dangerous waste. The substance should never be poured down drains or disposed of in regular waste streams. Proper disposal typically involves controlled incineration at licensed hazardous waste facilities or chemical neutralization by qualified waste management companies. Always consult local environmental authorities for specific disposal requirements and approved waste handling procedures.

Propyl carbonochloridate is classified under ADR as Class 6.1 (toxic substances), Packing Group I, indicating high toxicity requiring strict transport protocols. Packages must bear appropriate hazard labels including GHS02, GHS06, and GHS05 pictograms with 'Danger' signal word. Transportation requires proper documentation, certified containers, and compliance with dangerous goods regulations. Only authorized carriers with appropriate training and equipment should handle the transport of this substance.

Propyl carbonochloridate is subject to comprehensive chemical regulations including REACH registration requirements in Europe and CLP classification standards. The substance carries multiple hazard classifications (Flam. Liq. 2, Acute Tox. 3, Skin Corr. 1B) requiring strict labeling and safety data sheet provisions. While not currently listed as a SVHC substance, it remains under regulatory oversight due to its hazardous properties and requires compliance with occupational exposure limits and industrial emission controls.

Propyl carbonochloridate is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals serving industrial and research customers. As a professional chemical supplier, OYSI ensures proper handling, documentation, and regulatory compliance for this hazardous substance. Due to the strict regulatory requirements and safety considerations associated with this compound, purchases are typically limited to qualified industrial users with appropriate handling facilities and safety protocols in place.