Lithium azanide

Lithium azanide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H2LiN and CAS number 7782-89-0. This lithium-nitrogen compound has a molecular weight of 23 g/mol and belongs to the family of alkali metal amides. It appears as a white crystalline solid that is highly reactive with water and air. Lithium azanide is primarily used in organic synthesis and as a strong base in various chemical reactions requiring anhydrous conditions.

Lithium azanide is a white crystalline solid at room temperature with a molecular weight of 23 g/mol. It is highly hygroscopic and reacts violently with water, releasing ammonia gas. The compound is soluble in liquid ammonia and certain organic solvents but must be kept strictly anhydrous. It has a high melting point and demonstrates strong basic properties, making it extremely reactive with acids and protic solvents.

Lithium azanide is primarily used as a strong non-nucleophilic base in organic synthesis, particularly for deprotonation reactions under anhydrous conditions. It serves as a reagent in the preparation of other organolithium compounds and in metalation reactions. The compound is also utilized in research applications for studying lithium-nitrogen chemistry and as a precursor for specialized lithium-containing materials in battery research and advanced chemical synthesis.

Lithium azanide must be handled in an inert atmosphere using appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work should be conducted in a well-ventilated fume hood or glove box to prevent exposure to moisture and air. Due to its water-reactive nature, keep all handling equipment dry and use anhydrous solvents only. Emergency shower and eyewash stations should be readily accessible.

Lithium azanide must be stored in airtight containers under an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon to prevent reaction with moisture and air. Storage areas should be cool, dry, and well-ventilated, away from water sources and incompatible materials like acids and oxidizing agents. Containers should be clearly labeled and stored in secondary containment. Regular inspection of storage containers is essential to ensure integrity and prevent accidental exposure.

Immediate action is required in case of contact with lithium azanide. For skin contact, brush off any solid material gently and rinse with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, flush immediately with water for 15-20 minutes while holding eyelids open. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately. Do not induce vomiting if ingested. Seek immediate medical attention in all cases and provide safety data sheet to medical personnel.

Lithium azanide disposal must be conducted according to local and national hazardous waste regulations. The compound should be carefully neutralized by trained personnel using appropriate techniques to prevent violent reactions. Small quantities can be slowly added to excess water in a controlled manner, allowing ammonia gas to evolve safely. Larger quantities require professional hazardous waste disposal services. Never dispose of lithium azanide in regular waste streams or sewage systems.

Lithium azanide is classified under ADR Class 4.3 (substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases) Packing Group II. Transportation requires appropriate UN-approved packaging designed for water-reactive materials. Packages must be kept dry and properly labeled with hazard markings. Professional hazardous goods transport services should be used, ensuring compliance with ADR regulations and proper documentation. Vehicles must carry appropriate emergency equipment and trained personnel.

Lithium azanide is subject to various chemical regulations including REACH registration requirements in Europe for quantities above specified thresholds. It falls under CLP regulation for classification and labeling, though specific GHS classifications may vary. The compound is not currently listed as a SVHC (Substance of Very High Concern). Users must comply with occupational safety regulations and may need permits for handling water-reactive substances depending on local legislation.

Lithium azanide is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals. As a water-reactive compound requiring expert handling, it should only be purchased from qualified chemical suppliers who can ensure proper packaging, documentation, and transport compliance. OYSI provides technical support and safety documentation to ensure customers receive the product safely and in compliance with European regulations for hazardous chemicals.