Lithium

Lithium is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal with the chemical symbol Li and CAS number 7439-93-2. It is the lightest metal in the periodic table with a molecular weight of 7 g/mol. This highly reactive element belongs to Group 1 of the periodic table and exhibits strong water-reactive properties, making it a dangerous substance requiring careful handling and storage protocols.

Lithium is a soft, silvery-white metal that can be cut with a knife at room temperature. It has the lowest density of all metals (0.534 g/cm³) and floats on water while reacting vigorously with it. The metal tarnishes quickly in air, forming a dull coating, and is highly reactive with moisture and oxygen, requiring storage under inert conditions.

Lithium is primarily used in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries for electronics, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems. It serves as an important component in ceramics, glass manufacturing, and aluminum production. Additionally, lithium compounds are utilized in pharmaceuticals, lubricating greases, and as a flux in metallurgy and welding applications.

Lithium requires strict safety protocols due to its water-reactive and corrosive properties. Personnel must wear protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Handle only in dry, inert atmosphere conditions, keep away from water and moisture sources, and ensure adequate ventilation. Emergency shower and eyewash stations should be readily accessible.

Lithium must be stored under inert gas (argon or nitrogen) or mineral oil to prevent reaction with air and moisture. Use airtight, corrosion-resistant containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from water sources. Keep separated from oxidizing agents, acids, and halogenated compounds. Storage areas should be equipped with appropriate fire suppression systems.

Lithium contact requires immediate emergency response due to its corrosive nature. For skin contact, brush off any solid particles gently without using water, then flush with large amounts of water. For eye contact, rinse immediately with water for at least 15 minutes. If ingested, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical attention. Remove contaminated clothing carefully.

Lithium disposal must comply with local and European waste regulations as hazardous waste. Small quantities can be neutralized by careful reaction with alcohol under controlled conditions, followed by proper disposal of resulting compounds. Larger quantities require specialized hazardous waste disposal services. Never dispose of lithium in regular waste streams or pour down drains.

Lithium is classified under ADR Class 4.3 (water-reactive substances), Packing Group I, indicating high danger level. Transportation requires UN-approved packaging, proper labeling with GHS02 and GHS05 pictograms, and 'Danger' signal word. Vehicles must carry appropriate emergency equipment and drivers need specialized training for hazardous materials transport.

Lithium is regulated under European CLP Regulation as Water-react. 1 and Skin Corr. 1B, requiring specific labeling and safety data sheets. It falls under REACH registration requirements for commercial use. The substance is not classified as SVHC (Substance of Very High Concern), but strict handling, storage, and transport regulations apply due to its hazardous properties.

Lithium is available through OYSI, a European distributor of technical chemicals, ensuring reliable supply across European markets. As a specialized chemical distributor, OYSI provides proper documentation, safety data sheets, and regulatory compliance support for lithium purchases. Professional customers can contact OYSI for availability, technical specifications, and delivery throughout Europe.