Sodium hydride

Sodium hydride is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula HNa (CAS 7646-69-7) and a molecular weight of 23.9977 g/mol. This highly reactive substance belongs to the class of metal hydrides and serves as a strong reducing agent and base in chemical synthesis. It appears as a white to grayish crystalline solid that reacts violently with water, releasing hydrogen gas and forming sodium hydroxide.

Sodium hydride is a white to grayish crystalline solid at room temperature with high reactivity toward water and moisture. It decomposes violently when exposed to water, producing hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide. The compound is insoluble in most organic solvents but reacts with protic solvents. Its high reactivity requires storage under inert atmosphere to prevent unwanted reactions with atmospheric moisture.

Sodium hydride is primarily used as a strong base and reducing agent in organic synthesis, particularly for deprotonation reactions and the formation of carbanions. It serves as a key reagent in pharmaceutical manufacturing, fine chemical synthesis, and polymer production. Common applications include alkylation reactions, condensation reactions, and as a hydrogen source in metallurgy and chemical processing industries.

Sodium hydride requires strict safety protocols due to its water-reactive nature (Water-react. 1, Danger signal word). Personnel must wear appropriate PPE including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work must be conducted under inert atmosphere (nitrogen or argon) in well-ventilated areas away from moisture sources. Fire extinguishing agents containing water must never be used; only dry powder or sand is appropriate.

Sodium hydride must be stored in tightly sealed containers under inert atmosphere (nitrogen or argon) to prevent contact with moisture. Storage areas should be cool, dry, and well-ventilated, away from water sources and incompatible materials such as acids, alcohols, and oxidizing agents. Containers should be clearly labeled and stored in secondary containment to prevent accidental exposure to atmospheric moisture.

Sodium hydride exposure requires immediate emergency response due to its corrosive and water-reactive nature. For skin contact, brush off dry material before flushing with copious amounts of water. In case of eye contact, rinse immediately with water for at least 15 minutes. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately. Never use water directly on bulk material as it causes violent reaction. Seek immediate medical attention for all exposures.

Sodium hydride disposal requires specialized hazardous waste procedures due to its water-reactive classification. Small quantities can be carefully neutralized by slow addition to anhydrous alcohols under controlled conditions by trained personnel. Larger quantities must be disposed of through licensed hazardous waste contractors following local and EU regulations. Never dispose of in regular waste streams or pour down drains due to violent reaction risk with water.

Sodium hydride is classified as ADR Class 4.3 (water-reactive substances), Packing Group I, indicating high danger level during transport. It requires specialized packaging that prevents moisture ingress and must be labeled with appropriate hazard placards including GHS02 (flame pictogram). Transportation must comply with ADR regulations for dangerous goods, using approved containers and vehicles with proper documentation and emergency response information.

Sodium hydride is regulated under multiple European frameworks including CLP regulation for classification and labeling, and REACH regulation for chemical registration. It is not currently listed as an SVHC (Substance of Very High Concern). Users must comply with workplace safety directives, transportation regulations (ADR), and waste disposal requirements. Proper safety data sheets must be maintained and workers must receive appropriate training on handling procedures.

Sodium hydride is available through OYSI, a European distributor specializing in technical chemicals. As a professional chemical supplier, OYSI can provide sodium hydride with appropriate documentation, safety data sheets, and regulatory compliance for industrial and research applications. Contact OYSI directly for availability, specifications, and technical support to ensure proper handling and application of this water-reactive substance.