Ethyl nitrite

Ethyl nitrite is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C2H5NO2 and CAS number 109-95-5. It belongs to the nitrite ester family and has a molecular weight of 75.07 g/mol. This compound is classified as a flammable and pressurized gas with acute toxicity properties, making it a hazardous substance requiring careful handling and storage procedures in industrial applications.

Ethyl nitrite is a colorless gas at room temperature with a characteristic sweet, fruity odor. As indicated by its classification as a pressurized gas, it exists in gaseous form under normal conditions but can be liquefied under pressure. The compound has limited solubility in water but dissolves readily in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether, typical of nitrite esters.

Ethyl nitrite is primarily used as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical manufacturing. It serves as a nitrosating agent in various chemical reactions and can be used in the production of other organic compounds. Additionally, it has applications in analytical chemistry as a reagent and historically has been used in medical applications, though its use is now highly regulated due to safety concerns.

Ethyl nitrite requires strict safety protocols due to its flammable and toxic nature. Personnel must wear appropriate personal protective equipment including gas-tight chemical suits, respiratory protection, and safety goggles. Work should be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods, away from ignition sources. Emergency safety equipment including eyewash stations and safety showers must be readily accessible during handling operations.

Ethyl nitrite must be stored in pressure-rated containers in cool, well-ventilated areas away from heat sources and ignition points. Storage areas should be equipped with appropriate ventilation systems and gas detection equipment. The compound should be kept away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers and reducing agents. Storage facilities must comply with local regulations for flammable and pressurized gases.

Ethyl nitrite exposure requires immediate medical attention due to its acute toxicity. In case of inhalation, move the person to fresh air immediately and provide oxygen if breathing is difficult. For skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of water. If ingested, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical care. Always contact emergency services and provide the safety data sheet to medical personnel.

Ethyl nitrite disposal must comply with local and national hazardous waste regulations due to its classification as dangerous goods. The substance should never be released into the environment or disposed of through regular waste streams. Contact licensed hazardous waste disposal companies for proper collection and treatment. Small quantities may require special neutralization procedures before disposal, always following regulatory guidelines.

Ethyl nitrite transport requires compliance with dangerous goods regulations as it is classified as a flammable and pressurized gas. Specialized pressure vessels and appropriate packaging materials must be used. Transportation vehicles must be properly placarded and drivers must hold relevant dangerous goods certifications. Shipping documentation must include proper hazard classifications and emergency response information.

Ethyl nitrite is subject to multiple regulatory frameworks including REACH registration requirements in Europe and CLP classification regulations. Its acute toxicity and flammable gas properties mandate compliance with workplace safety standards and environmental protection laws. The compound is not listed as an SVHC substance but requires proper notification and documentation for commercial use and distribution throughout the supply chain.

Ethyl nitrite is available through specialized chemical distributors in Europe, including OYSI, which supplies high-quality chemical products to industrial customers. Due to its hazardous classification, purchases typically require proper documentation, safety certifications, and compliance with regulatory requirements. Buyers must demonstrate appropriate handling capabilities and storage facilities before procurement from authorized distributors.