Ethyl nitrite

Ethyl nitrite is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C2H5NO2 and CAS number 109-95-5. It has a molecular weight of 75.07 g/mol and belongs to the nitrite ester family. This compound is classified as a flammable and pressurized gas with acute toxicity properties. Ethyl nitrite appears as a colorless gas with a characteristic sweet odor and is highly volatile at room temperature.

Ethyl nitrite is a colorless gas at room temperature with a sweet, fruity odor. It has a molecular weight of 75.07 g/mol and exists as a pressurized gas under normal storage conditions. The compound is highly volatile and flammable, with good solubility in organic solvents like alcohol and ether. It decomposes readily when exposed to light and heat, making it unstable under certain environmental conditions.

Ethyl nitrite is primarily used as a vasodilator in pharmaceutical applications and as an intermediate in organic synthesis. It serves as a nitrosating agent in chemical reactions and finds application in the production of other organic compounds. The substance is also used in research laboratories for various analytical and synthetic purposes. Its vasodilatory properties make it valuable in certain medical formulations, though its use is strictly regulated due to safety concerns.

Ethyl nitrite requires careful handling due to its flammable and toxic nature. Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment including safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, and work in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods. Avoid all sources of ignition, heat, and sparks. Handle containers gently to prevent pressure buildup and ensure proper grounding of equipment. Never smoke or use open flames in areas where ethyl nitrite is present.

Ethyl nitrite must be stored in cool, dry, well-ventilated areas away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and ignition sources. Keep containers tightly sealed and store under pressure as a gas in appropriate cylinders. Avoid storage near oxidizing agents, acids, and bases due to potential incompatibilities. Storage areas should be equipped with appropriate fire suppression systems and maintained below recommended temperature limits to prevent decomposition.

Ethyl nitrite exposure requires immediate action due to its acute toxicity. In case of inhalation, move the person to fresh air immediately and seek medical attention. For skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water. If eye contact occurs, flush eyes with clean water for at least 15 minutes. Always seek professional medical advice promptly after any exposure incident.

Ethyl nitrite disposal must comply with local and international hazardous waste regulations due to its classification as dangerous goods. Contact licensed hazardous waste disposal companies for proper handling and treatment. Never dispose of ethyl nitrite through regular waste streams or sewage systems. Empty containers should also be treated as hazardous waste. Consult local environmental authorities for specific disposal requirements and approved disposal facilities in your region.

Ethyl nitrite transport requires compliance with dangerous goods regulations due to its flammable gas and acute toxicity classifications. The substance must be transported in approved pressure vessels designed for gas transport, with proper labeling including GHS02, GHS04, and GHS07 pictograms and 'Danger' signal word. Ensure proper documentation, trained personnel, and emergency response procedures are in place during transportation according to international transport regulations.

Ethyl nitrite is subject to various regulatory frameworks including REACH registration requirements in Europe and CLP classification obligations. The substance is classified under multiple hazard categories (Flam. Gas 1, Press. Gas, Acute Tox. 4) requiring specific safety data sheets and labeling. It is not currently listed as an SVHC substance, but users must comply with occupational exposure limits and safety protocols established by local regulatory authorities.

Ethyl nitrite is available through specialized chemical distributors in Europe, including OYSI, which serves as a reliable supplier of technical chemicals across European markets. When purchasing, ensure the supplier provides proper documentation, safety data sheets, and compliance with REACH regulations. Due to its hazardous classification, purchases may require specific qualifications or licenses depending on intended use and local regulations in your country.