4-nitroaniline

4-nitroaniline is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H6N2O2 and CAS number 100-01-6. It belongs to the class of nitroanilines, featuring both an amino group (-NH2) and a nitro group (-NO2) attached to a benzene ring in para position. With a molecular weight of 138.12 g/mol, this aromatic amine serves as an important intermediate in various chemical synthesis processes and industrial applications.

4-nitroaniline appears as yellow to orange crystalline solid at room temperature with a characteristic aromatic odor. It has a melting point around 147-149°C and is slightly soluble in water but readily dissolves in organic solvents like ethanol, acetone, and benzene. The compound exhibits basic properties due to its amino group, though the electron-withdrawing nitro group reduces its basicity compared to aniline.

4-nitroaniline serves primarily as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, pigments, and pharmaceuticals. It is widely used in the production of azo dyes, antioxidants for rubber and plastics, and as a precursor for various pharmaceutical compounds. The chemical industry also employs it in manufacturing corrosion inhibitors, photographic chemicals, and specialty organic compounds requiring nitroaniline functionality.

4-nitroaniline requires careful handling with appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to avoid inhalation exposure. Prevent skin and eye contact, and avoid generating dust. Use grounding procedures when transferring the material to prevent static electricity buildup, and ensure emergency shower and eyewash facilities are readily accessible.

4-nitroaniline should be stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and incompatible materials. Keep away from strong oxidizing agents, acids, and reducing agents. Store in original labeled containers at temperatures below 25°C, and ensure storage areas are equipped with appropriate spill containment measures and fire suppression systems.

In case of skin contact with 4-nitroaniline, immediately remove contaminated clothing and wash affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, flush immediately with clean water for 15 minutes while holding eyelids open. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist or if significant exposure has occurred, and provide safety data sheet to medical personnel.

4-nitroaniline must be disposed of as hazardous waste through licensed waste management companies in accordance with local and European regulations. Do not discharge into drains, soil, or water bodies. Small quantities can be incinerated at high temperatures in approved facilities with appropriate emission controls. Contact certified waste disposal contractors and provide complete documentation including safety data sheets for proper classification and treatment.

4-nitroaniline is classified under ADR as Class 6.1 (Toxic substances), Packing Group II, indicating moderate toxicity requiring specific transport precautions. Use appropriate UN-specification packaging marked and labeled according to dangerous goods regulations. Transport vehicles must carry proper documentation, emergency response information, and drivers need ADR training certification. Ensure packages are secured and protected from damage during transit.

4-nitroaniline is regulated under European REACH regulation requiring registration for commercial use above certain tonnages. It must be classified and labeled according to CLP regulation, though specific harmonized classification may vary. The substance is not currently listed as SVHC (Substance of Very High Concern). Users must comply with occupational exposure limits, workplace safety requirements, and environmental discharge restrictions as specified by national authorities.

4-nitroaniline is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals serving industrial customers across Europe. OYSI provides reliable supply chain management, technical support, and regulatory compliance assistance for chemical procurement. Contact OYSI's technical sales team for pricing, availability, packaging options, and delivery schedules tailored to your specific industrial requirements and geographic location within Europe.