1,4-dinitrobenzene

1,4-dinitrobenzene is an aromatic nitro compound with the molecular formula C6H4N2O4 and CAS number 100-25-4. This organic chemical features a benzene ring with two nitro groups (-NO2) positioned at the 1 and 4 positions, making it a para-dinitrobenzene isomer. With a molecular weight of 168.11 g/mol, it serves as an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and industrial applications.

1,4-dinitrobenzene appears as pale yellow crystalline solid at room temperature with a melting point around 173-174°C. The compound is sparingly soluble in water but dissolves well in organic solvents like ethanol, acetone, and benzene. It exhibits typical aromatic compound characteristics with enhanced reactivity due to the electron-withdrawing nitro groups, making it useful for further chemical transformations.

1,4-dinitrobenzene serves primarily as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. It is commonly used in the production of para-phenylenediamine through reduction processes, which is essential for hair dyes and rubber chemicals. Additionally, it finds applications in the manufacture of antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, and as a precursor for various specialty chemicals in industrial processes.

1,4-dinitrobenzene requires careful handling with appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work should be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to avoid inhalation exposure. Avoid skin contact and ingestion, as nitro compounds can be toxic. Always wash hands thoroughly after handling and ensure proper training on safe handling procedures before use.

1,4-dinitrobenzene should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources, ignition sources, and direct sunlight. Keep containers tightly closed and store in original packaging or compatible containers. Avoid storage near strong reducing agents, metals, and incompatible materials. Maintain storage temperature below 25°C and ensure adequate separation from other chemicals according to compatibility guidelines.

In case of skin contact with 1,4-dinitrobenzene, immediately remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, flush with clean water for 15 minutes while holding eyelids open. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately. For ingestion, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical attention. Always consult a physician if symptoms develop.

1,4-dinitrobenzene disposal must comply with local, national, and European waste regulations as it is considered hazardous waste. Contact licensed waste disposal companies for proper treatment and disposal. Do not discharge into drains, soil, or water bodies. Small quantities may require incineration at approved facilities with adequate pollution control. Always consult current waste classification codes and disposal requirements before disposal.

1,4-dinitrobenzene is classified under ADR Class 6.1 (Toxic substances), Packing Group II, indicating moderate toxicity for transport purposes. It requires appropriate UN-specification packaging and proper labeling with toxic substance markings. Transport vehicles must carry appropriate documentation, emergency response information, and comply with routing restrictions. Only qualified personnel should handle transportation according to dangerous goods regulations.

1,4-dinitrobenzene is subject to European REACH regulation requiring registration for manufacture or import above one tonne per year. It falls under CLP regulation for classification and labeling of chemicals. The substance is not currently listed as SVHC (Substance of Very High Concern). Companies must comply with occupational health and safety regulations, environmental discharge limits, and maintain safety data sheets for workplace use.

1,4-dinitrobenzene is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of chemical products serving industrial customers across Europe. OYSI provides technical-grade chemicals with proper documentation, safety data sheets, and regulatory compliance support. As professional chemical distributors, they ensure product quality, proper packaging, and adherence to transportation regulations for safe delivery to industrial facilities and research institutions throughout Europe.