2,4-dinitrophenol

2,4-dinitrophenol is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H4N2O5 and CAS number 51-28-5. This nitrophenol derivative has a molecular weight of 184.11 g/mol and belongs to the class of dinitrophenols. It is classified as a highly toxic substance with significant health and environmental hazards, requiring strict handling protocols and safety measures during use.

2,4-dinitrophenol is typically a yellow crystalline solid at room temperature with a characteristic phenolic odor. It exhibits moderate solubility in water and higher solubility in organic solvents such as alcohol and ether. The compound has a melting point around 108-112°C and is sensitive to heat, shock, and friction due to its explosive nature, making proper handling essential.

2,4-dinitrophenol is primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, pesticides, and other organic chemicals. It serves as a precursor for manufacturing certain herbicides and fungicides. Additionally, it finds application in analytical chemistry as a reagent and in research laboratories for biochemical studies. Its use is highly regulated due to its toxic and explosive properties.

2,4-dinitrophenol must be handled with extreme caution using appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work should be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to prevent inhalation. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Use non-sparking tools and eliminate all ignition sources due to its explosive nature and high toxicity.

2,4-dinitrophenol should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and incompatible materials. Keep containers tightly sealed and store separately from reducing agents, metals, and organic materials. The storage area must be equipped with appropriate fire suppression systems and emergency response equipment due to its explosive and toxic properties.

In case of skin contact with 2,4-dinitrophenol, immediately remove contaminated clothing and wash affected areas thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, flush with clean water for 15 minutes. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately. Seek immediate medical attention in all cases of exposure, as this substance is highly toxic and can cause severe health effects.

2,4-dinitrophenol waste must be disposed of through licensed hazardous waste disposal facilities in accordance with local and national environmental regulations. It cannot be disposed of in regular waste streams due to its toxic and explosive properties. Contact certified waste management companies specializing in hazardous chemical disposal and follow all applicable waste classification and transportation requirements.

2,4-dinitrophenol is classified under ADR Class 1 as an explosive substance, requiring specialized transportation procedures. It must be packaged in approved containers according to dangerous goods regulations and transported by qualified carriers with proper documentation. All transport vehicles must comply with ADR requirements for explosive materials, including appropriate labeling, placarding, and emergency response information.

2,4-dinitrophenol is subject to strict regulations under REACH and CLP in Europe due to its high toxicity and explosive properties. It requires safety data sheets, hazard classification, and proper labeling with GHS pictograms GHS06, GHS08, and GHS09. The substance may be subject to authorization or restriction procedures and requires compliance with occupational exposure limits and environmental protection measures.

2,4-dinitrophenol can be purchased from OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals. As a professional supplier, OYSI ensures compliance with all regulatory requirements and provides proper documentation including safety data sheets. Due to the substance's hazardous nature, purchases are typically restricted to qualified industrial users with appropriate handling and storage capabilities.