2,4-dinitrophenol

2,4-dinitrophenol is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H4N2O5 and CAS number 51-28-5. This nitrophenol derivative has a molecular weight of 184.11 g/mol and appears as yellow crystalline solid. It is classified as a highly hazardous substance with multiple toxicity concerns, including acute toxicity and specific target organ toxicity. The compound is regulated under various safety frameworks due to its dangerous properties.

2,4-dinitrophenol is a yellow crystalline solid at room temperature with a distinctive phenolic structure. The compound is moderately soluble in water and readily dissolves in organic solvents like ethanol and acetone. It has a melting point around 108-112°C and exhibits acidic properties due to its phenolic hydroxyl group. The presence of two nitro groups makes it highly reactive and contributes to its hazardous nature.

2,4-dinitrophenol is primarily used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, pesticides, and other organic compounds. It serves as a precursor for manufacturing various industrial chemicals and has applications in analytical chemistry as a reagent. The compound is also used in research laboratories for biochemical studies. Due to its hazardous properties, its industrial applications are strictly regulated and require specialized handling procedures.

Safe handling of 2,4-dinitrophenol requires comprehensive personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and respiratory protection. Work should be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to prevent inhalation exposure. Avoid direct skin contact and ensure all personnel are trained in emergency procedures. The compound's Acute Tox. 2/3 classification demands strict adherence to safety protocols and immediate access to emergency equipment.

2,4-dinitrophenol must be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and incompatible materials. The compound should be kept in tightly sealed, properly labeled containers made of compatible materials. Storage areas must be equipped with appropriate containment measures and fire suppression systems. Due to its explosive classification (ADR Class 1), special storage requirements apply, including quantity limitations and segregation from other hazardous materials.

Immediate action is required for any contact with 2,4-dinitrophenol due to its high toxicity. For skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and rinse thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately and seek medical attention. For eye contact, flush with clean water for 15 minutes. In all cases of exposure, contact emergency medical services immediately and provide them with the safety data sheet information.

2,4-dinitrophenol disposal must comply with local and international hazardous waste regulations due to its acute toxicity and environmental hazard classification. The compound requires specialized treatment through licensed hazardous waste disposal facilities equipped to handle explosive and toxic materials. Incineration at high temperatures in approved facilities is typically required. Never dispose of this substance through regular waste streams or drain systems due to its Aquatic Acute 1 classification.

2,4-dinitrophenol is classified under ADR Class 1 as an explosive substance, requiring specialized transport procedures and documentation. Transportation must comply with dangerous goods regulations, including proper packaging, labeling with GHS06, GHS08, and GHS09 pictogrammes, and appropriate shipping papers. Only certified carriers qualified for explosive materials transport should handle shipments. Special routing and quantity restrictions may apply depending on local regulations.

2,4-dinitrophenol is subject to extensive regulatory oversight under REACH, CLP, and other chemical safety frameworks. The compound's multiple hazard classifications (Acute Tox. 2/3, STOT RE 1, Aquatic Acute 1) trigger strict registration, notification, and handling requirements. While not currently listed as an SVHC, its dangerous properties mean it may face additional restrictions. Companies must maintain detailed safety documentation and ensure compliance with all applicable chemical safety regulations.

2,4-dinitrophenol is available through specialized chemical distributors like OYSI, which serves the European market with professional-grade chemicals. Due to the compound's hazardous classification and regulatory requirements, purchases are typically restricted to qualified industrial users and research institutions. Buyers must demonstrate proper handling capabilities, storage facilities, and regulatory compliance. Contact OYSI's technical team for availability, specifications, and regulatory documentation requirements for your specific application.