2,3-dinitrophenol

2,3-dinitrophenol is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H4N2O5 and CAS number 66-56-8. It belongs to the family of nitrophenols, characterized by the presence of two nitro groups (-NO2) attached to a phenol ring at positions 2 and 3. This aromatic compound has a molecular weight of 184.11 g/mol and exhibits distinctive chemical properties due to its nitro substituents and hydroxyl group combination.

2,3-dinitrophenol appears as a yellow crystalline solid at room temperature with a melting point around 144-145°C. The compound is moderately soluble in water and more soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and acetone. It exhibits acidic properties due to the phenolic hydroxyl group, with the acidity enhanced by the electron-withdrawing nitro groups. The substance may decompose at high temperatures, potentially releasing toxic nitrogen oxides.

2,3-dinitrophenol is primarily used as an intermediate in organic synthesis and chemical manufacturing processes. It serves in the production of dyes, pigments, and other aromatic compounds. The compound finds applications in pharmaceutical research and development, particularly in the synthesis of specialized organic molecules. It may also be used in analytical chemistry as a reagent for specific chemical reactions and in research laboratories for various synthetic pathways.

2,3-dinitrophenol should be handled with appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work should be conducted in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood to avoid inhalation of dust or vapors. Avoid direct skin and eye contact, and prevent ingestion. Use non-sparking tools and equipment, as nitro compounds can be sensitive to friction and impact under certain conditions.

2,3-dinitrophenol should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and incompatible materials. Keep containers tightly closed and properly labeled. Store away from strong bases, reducing agents, and combustible materials. The storage area should be equipped with appropriate fire suppression systems and spill containment measures. Maintain storage temperatures below 25°C and ensure regular inspection of container integrity.

In case of skin contact with 2,3-dinitrophenol, immediately remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, flush immediately with clean water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air and seek medical advice if breathing difficulties occur. In case of ingestion, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical attention.

2,3-dinitrophenol waste must be disposed of according to local and national hazardous waste regulations. The substance should be collected in appropriate containers and handed over to licensed waste disposal companies specializing in chemical waste treatment. Do not discharge into sewers, water bodies, or soil. Incineration at high temperatures in specialized facilities may be suitable, but must comply with environmental regulations and emission standards for nitrogen oxides.

2,3-dinitrophenol is classified under ADR Class 1, indicating it falls under explosive substances regulations for transport. Special packaging requirements and documentation must be followed according to dangerous goods transport regulations. Transport should be conducted by qualified personnel with appropriate training in handling explosive materials. Vehicles must display proper hazard placards, and specific routing restrictions may apply. Consult current ADR regulations for complete compliance requirements.

2,3-dinitrophenol is subject to various chemical regulations including REACH registration requirements in the European Union. The substance is not currently listed as a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC), but manufacturers and importers must comply with CLP classification and labeling requirements. Users must ensure proper risk assessment and implement appropriate risk management measures. National regulations may impose additional restrictions on its use, storage, and handling.

2,3-dinitrophenol is available through OYSI, a European distributor specializing in technical chemical products. As an established chemical supplier, OYSI can provide this compound to qualified industrial and research customers across Europe. Due to the specific nature and regulatory requirements of this substance, purchases typically require proper documentation and compliance with applicable regulations. Contact OYSI directly for availability, specifications, and ordering procedures.