2-chloroacetyl chloride

2-chloroacetyl chloride is a highly reactive organochlorine compound with the molecular formula C2H2Cl2O and CAS number 79-04-9. This acyl chloride derivative features both chlorine substituents that make it extremely reactive towards nucleophiles. With a molecular weight of 112.94 g/mol, it serves as an important intermediate in organic synthesis and chemical manufacturing processes requiring controlled chloroacetylation reactions.

2-chloroacetyl chloride is a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature with a pungent, acrid odor. It has a boiling point around 105-106°C and readily hydrolyzes in water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas. The compound is highly reactive and corrosive, soluble in organic solvents like benzene and ether but violently reacts with protic solvents, making proper handling essential for safe use.

2-chloroacetyl chloride is primarily used as an acylating agent in organic synthesis for introducing chloroacetyl groups into molecules. It serves as a key intermediate in pharmaceutical manufacturing, agrochemical production, and fine chemical synthesis. The compound is particularly valuable in producing chloroacetamides, esters, and other derivatives used in drug development, pesticide formulation, and specialty chemical manufacturing requiring controlled chlorination reactions.

2-chloroacetyl chloride requires strict safety measures due to its corrosive and toxic nature. Essential PPE includes chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, face shield, and full protective clothing. Work must be conducted in a well-ventilated fume hood with emergency eyewash stations nearby. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Use only non-metallic, dry equipment as the compound reacts violently with water and corrodes metals.

2-chloroacetyl chloride must be stored in tightly sealed containers made of compatible materials like glass or PTFE-lined vessels in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources. Keep strictly away from water, alcohols, amines, and metals which can cause violent reactions. Storage areas should maintain temperatures below 25°C and be equipped with appropriate spill containment measures and corrosion-resistant surfaces.

2-chloroacetyl chloride contact requires immediate emergency response due to its corrosive nature. For skin contact, immediately remove contaminated clothing and flush with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. For eye exposure, rinse immediately with water for 15+ minutes and seek medical attention. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately. For ingestion, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical care. Always contact emergency services for serious exposures.

2-chloroacetyl chloride disposal requires specialized hazardous waste procedures due to its toxic and corrosive classification. The compound cannot be disposed of through regular waste streams and must be handled by licensed hazardous waste contractors. Small quantities may be carefully hydrolyzed under controlled conditions by trained personnel, but this generates corrosive byproducts requiring neutralization. Always consult local environmental regulations and waste disposal experts for proper handling.

2-chloroacetyl chloride is classified under ADR as Class 6.1 (toxic substances) Packing Group I, indicating high toxicity requiring stringent transport protocols. Packages must meet UN specification standards for toxic liquids with appropriate hazard labels including GHS06, GHS05, GHS08, and GHS09 pictograms. Transport requires specialized vehicles, trained drivers, and emergency response documentation. Only authorized carriers experienced in hazardous chemical transport should handle shipments.

2-chloroacetyl chloride is subject to comprehensive chemical regulations including REACH registration requirements in Europe and CLP classification as Acute Tox. 3, STOT RE 1, Skin Corr. 1A, and Aquatic Acute 1. While not currently listed as an SVHC, its multiple hazard classifications require strict compliance with occupational safety standards, environmental protection measures, and proper documentation for commercial use, handling, and distribution throughout the supply chain.

2-chloroacetyl chloride is available through specialized chemical distributors in Europe, including OYSI, which serves as a reliable supplier for industrial and research applications. Due to its hazardous classification and regulatory requirements, procurement requires proper documentation, safety protocols, and compliance with local regulations. Professional chemical distributors like OYSI ensure proper handling, packaging, and delivery while maintaining regulatory compliance throughout the European market.