1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane is a chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent with the molecular formula C2H2Cl4 and CAS number 79-34-5. This organic compound has a molecular weight of 167.8 g/mol and belongs to the family of chloroethanes. It appears as a colorless liquid with a characteristic sweet odor and is classified as highly toxic with acute toxicity categories 1 and 2. The substance also poses environmental risks, particularly to aquatic ecosystems with chronic toxicity effects.

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane is a dense, colorless liquid at room temperature with a sweet, chloroform-like odor. It has low solubility in water but is miscible with most organic solvents including alcohols, ethers, and other chlorinated compounds. The substance has a high vapor pressure and can readily evaporate at ambient conditions. Its density is significantly higher than water, and it exhibits good chemical stability under normal storage conditions while being non-flammable.

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane is primarily used as an industrial solvent and chemical intermediate in manufacturing processes. It serves as a feedstock for producing other chlorinated compounds and is utilized in specialized cleaning applications where strong solvency power is required. The substance finds application in metal degreasing operations, though its use has been significantly restricted due to health and environmental concerns. It may also be used in laboratory settings for specific analytical procedures under controlled conditions.

Safe handling of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane requires strict adherence to safety protocols due to its high toxicity classification. Personnel must wear appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and respiratory protection in well-ventilated areas or under fume extraction systems. Direct skin and eye contact must be avoided at all costs. Work should be conducted in controlled environments with proper ventilation systems to prevent vapor accumulation and potential inhalation exposure.

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane must be stored in tightly sealed, chemically compatible containers in cool, dry, well-ventilated areas away from heat sources and direct sunlight. Storage areas should be equipped with appropriate containment measures and emergency response equipment. The substance should be kept separate from incompatible materials including strong bases, metals, and oxidizing agents. Regular inspection of containers for leaks or deterioration is essential, and storage areas must comply with local regulations for toxic substances.

Immediate emergency response is critical for any contact with 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane due to its acute toxicity. For skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and rinse affected areas with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. In case of eye contact, flush immediately with clean water and seek medical attention. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air and provide respiratory support if needed. For ingestion, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical care while providing safety data sheet information to medical personnel.

Proper disposal of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane requires compliance with hazardous waste regulations and must be handled by licensed waste management companies. The substance cannot be disposed of through regular waste streams due to its toxicity and environmental impact. Incineration at high temperatures in specialized facilities equipped with appropriate emission controls is typically required. Empty containers must also be treated as hazardous waste. Consult local environmental authorities and waste management specialists for specific disposal requirements and authorized facilities.

Transportation of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane is regulated under ADR classification 6.1 (toxic substances) with packing group II designation. The substance requires proper hazardous goods packaging, labeling with appropriate danger diamonds, and documentation including transport documents and safety data sheets. Vehicles must be equipped with emergency response equipment and drivers must hold valid dangerous goods transportation certificates. Shipping containers must meet UN specification requirements and display the correct hazard identification numbers and environmental hazard markings.

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane is subject to extensive regulatory oversight under multiple frameworks including REACH registration requirements, CLP classification and labeling regulations, and various national restrictions on use and handling. The substance faces increasing regulatory scrutiny due to its high toxicity and environmental impact, though it is not currently listed as a SVHC (Substance of Very High Concern). Users must comply with occupational exposure limits, environmental discharge restrictions, and proper notification requirements for industrial use.

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane is available through specialized chemical distributors in Europe, with OYSI serving as a reliable supplier for industrial customers requiring this regulated substance. Due to its toxic classification and regulatory restrictions, procurement requires proper documentation, end-use declarations, and compliance with safety and handling protocols. OYSI provides technical support and regulatory guidance to ensure customers meet all legal requirements for purchase, handling, and use of this controlled chemical substance in their specific applications.