Piperazine

Piperazine is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H10N2 and CAS number 110-85-0. It is a heterocyclic amine featuring a six-membered ring containing two nitrogen atoms in opposite positions. With a molecular weight of 86.14 g/mol, piperazine serves as an important intermediate in pharmaceutical and chemical manufacturing. It is classified as a hazardous substance requiring careful handling due to its corrosive and sensitizing properties.

Piperazine is typically found as white crystalline flakes or powder at room temperature. It has a characteristic amine-like odor and is highly soluble in water and polar solvents like ethanol. The compound is hygroscopic, readily absorbing moisture from air, and exhibits basic properties due to its two nitrogen atoms. It has a relatively low molecular weight of 86.14 g/mol and can sublime under certain conditions.

Piperazine is primarily used as an intermediate in pharmaceutical manufacturing, particularly in the synthesis of antihistamines, antipsychotics, and anti-parasitic medications. It serves as a building block for various drug compounds and is utilized in the production of polyamide resins and epoxy curing agents. Industrial applications include its use as a corrosion inhibitor, surfactant intermediate, and in the manufacture of specialty chemicals for various technical applications.

Piperazine requires careful handling due to its corrosive and sensitizing properties. Essential personal protective equipment includes chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and respiratory protection to prevent inhalation exposure. Work should be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume extraction systems. Avoid skin and eye contact, and prevent dust formation during handling. Emergency eyewash stations and safety showers should be readily accessible in work areas.

Piperazine should be stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and direct sunlight. Keep containers away from incompatible materials such as strong acids and oxidizing agents. Storage areas should be equipped with appropriate spill containment measures and maintained at stable temperatures to prevent degradation. Ensure proper labeling and segregation from other chemicals according to compatibility guidelines.

Piperazine exposure requires immediate action due to its corrosive nature. For skin contact, immediately remove contaminated clothing and flush affected areas with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. In case of eye contact, rinse thoroughly with water and seek immediate medical attention. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air and monitor breathing. For ingestion, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical care.

Piperazine disposal must comply with local and national hazardous waste regulations. The substance cannot be disposed of in regular waste streams and requires treatment by licensed hazardous waste disposal companies. Contaminated materials, including packaging and personal protective equipment, should be collected and disposed of as hazardous waste. Consult local environmental authorities for specific disposal requirements and approved disposal facilities in your region.

Piperazine is classified under ADR transport regulations as Class 8 (Corrosive substances), Packing Group III. Transportation requires appropriate UN-specification packaging and proper hazard labeling with corrosive substance markings. Vehicles must carry appropriate emergency equipment and documentation. Drivers require ADR training certification for transporting dangerous goods. Consult current ADR regulations for specific packaging requirements, quantity limitations, and routing restrictions.

Piperazine is subject to REACH regulation requiring registration for manufacturing or import above one tonne annually. Under CLP regulation, it must be classified and labeled with appropriate hazard pictograms (GHS05, GHS08) and the danger signal word. The substance is classified as Repr. 2, Skin Corr. 1B, Resp. Sens. 1, and Skin Sens. 1, requiring compliance with occupational exposure limits and worker protection measures.

Piperazine is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals. As an established supplier in the European market, OYSI provides quality chemical products with proper documentation and regulatory compliance support. Professional customers can contact OYSI directly for product specifications, availability, and technical support. OYSI ensures proper packaging, labeling, and transportation according to European chemical regulations for safe delivery across Europe.