Nitromethane

Nitromethane is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula CH3NO2 and CAS number 75-52-5. It is the simplest nitroalkane, consisting of a methyl group attached to a nitro group. With a molecular weight of 61.04 g/mol, nitromethane appears as a colorless liquid with a characteristic sweet odor. It is classified as a flammable liquid and moderately toxic substance, requiring careful handling in industrial applications.

Nitromethane is a colorless, oily liquid with a distinctive fruity or sweet odor at room temperature. It has excellent solubility in water, alcohols, and many organic solvents, making it highly versatile. The compound has a boiling point of 101°C and a density of approximately 1.13 g/cm³. It exhibits polar characteristics due to its nitro group, contributing to its good solvating properties for various chemical compounds.

Nitromethane serves primarily as a high-performance fuel additive in racing applications, particularly in drag racing and model aircraft engines. It is also used as an industrial solvent for cellulose compounds, resins, and waxes. In chemical synthesis, it acts as a reagent in organic reactions and pharmaceutical manufacturing. Additionally, it finds applications in the production of explosives, propellants, and as a cleaning agent in specialized industrial processes.

Nitromethane requires careful handling using appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work in well-ventilated areas or under fume extraction to prevent vapor accumulation. Avoid ignition sources as it is classified as Flammable Liquid Category 3. Use non-sparking tools and ensure proper grounding of equipment. The Warning signal word indicates moderate hazard level, but proper safety protocols must always be followed.

Nitromethane must be stored in tightly sealed containers in cool, dry, well-ventilated areas away from heat sources, sparks, and open flames. Keep containers away from incompatible materials such as strong bases, reducing agents, and oxidizing substances. Storage temperature should remain below 25°C to prevent vapor pressure buildup. Use appropriate secondary containment and ensure storage areas comply with local fire safety regulations for flammable liquids.

Nitromethane exposure requires immediate action depending on the contact route. For skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and wash thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately and seek medical attention if breathing difficulties occur. For eye contact, flush with clean water for 15 minutes. If ingested, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical attention due to its Acute Toxicity Category 4 classification.

Nitromethane disposal must comply with local and national hazardous waste regulations as it is classified as flammable and toxic waste. Contact licensed hazardous waste disposal companies for proper treatment and disposal. Do not pour down drains, into soil, or release into the environment. Small quantities may be neutralized through controlled incineration at authorized facilities. Always consult local environmental authorities for specific disposal requirements and approved disposal sites.

Nitromethane is classified under ADR Class 3 (Flammable Liquids), Packing Group II, indicating moderate danger during transport. It requires appropriate UN specification packaging with proper labeling including GHS02 and GHS07 pictograms. Vehicles must carry appropriate fire extinguishing equipment and emergency response information. Drivers need ADR certification for dangerous goods transport. Packages must display the correct UN number, proper shipping name, and hazard labels according to international transport regulations.

Nitromethane is subject to standard REACH registration requirements in Europe and must comply with CLP classification as Flammable Liquid Category 3 and Acute Toxicity Category 4. It is not listed as a SVHC (Substance of Very High Concern) under REACH. Users must follow workplace exposure limits and safety data sheet requirements. Some countries may have additional restrictions on sales quantities due to potential misuse in explosive manufacturing, requiring vendor verification procedures.

Nitromethane is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals serving industrial customers across Europe. As a professional chemical supplier, OYSI provides nitromethane in various packaging sizes with complete documentation including safety data sheets and certificates of analysis. Purchase requires business verification due to regulatory requirements. Contact OYSI directly for availability, technical specifications, and compliance documentation for your specific industrial application needs.