Diethyl sulfate

Diethyl sulfate is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H10O4S and CAS number 64-67-5. This sulfate ester has a molecular weight of 154.19 g/mol and is classified as a highly hazardous substance due to its carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. It appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with an ethereal odor and is primarily used as an ethylating agent in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Diethyl sulfate is a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature with a characteristic ethereal odor. It has a molecular weight of 154.19 g/mol and is soluble in organic solvents like alcohol and ether but has limited solubility in water. The compound is relatively stable under normal conditions but can decompose when heated, releasing toxic sulfur oxide vapors. It has a density higher than water and moderate volatility.

Diethyl sulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical manufacturing. It serves as an alkylating reagent for introducing ethyl groups into various organic molecules, particularly in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and other fine chemicals. Due to its high toxicity and carcinogenic properties, its use is restricted to specialized industrial applications where safer alternatives are not available, and strict safety protocols must be followed.

Diethyl sulfate must be handled with extreme caution due to its carcinogenic and corrosive properties. Essential personal protective equipment includes chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, face shield, and full body protection. Work should be conducted in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood. Avoid any skin contact, inhalation, or ingestion. Use only non-sparking tools and ensure proper grounding to prevent static electricity buildup during handling operations.

Diethyl sulfate should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and incompatible materials. Use only original containers made of suitable materials and ensure they are tightly sealed. Store in a dedicated hazardous chemical storage area with appropriate containment measures. Keep away from oxidizing agents, strong bases, and metals. Implement strict access control and inventory management due to its carcinogenic classification.

Immediate action is crucial in case of diethyl sulfate exposure due to its corrosive and carcinogenic nature. For skin contact, remove contaminated clothing immediately and flush the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. In case of eye contact, rinse continuously with water and seek immediate medical attention. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately. For ingestion, do not induce vomiting and seek emergency medical care. Always consult a physician after any exposure.

Diethyl sulfate disposal must comply with local and international hazardous waste regulations due to its carcinogenic properties. It cannot be disposed of in regular waste streams and requires specialized hazardous waste treatment facilities. Small quantities should be neutralized by qualified personnel using appropriate chemical methods. Container disposal must follow specific protocols for carcinogenic substances. Always consult with certified waste management companies and regulatory authorities for proper disposal procedures and documentation requirements.

Diethyl sulfate is classified under ADR transport regulations as Class 6.1 (toxic substances), Packing Group II, indicating high toxicity. It must be transported in UN-approved packaging suitable for toxic liquids, with proper labeling including GHS08, GHS07, and GHS05 pictograms and 'Danger' signal word. Transport vehicles must carry appropriate emergency equipment and documentation. Drivers require ADR certification for dangerous goods transport, and specific routing restrictions may apply in populated areas.

Diethyl sulfate is subject to strict regulations under multiple frameworks including REACH, CLP, and national chemical control laws due to its classification as carcinogenic (Carc. 1B) and mutagenic (Muta. 1B). It requires safety data sheets, exposure assessments, and risk management measures. Professional users must implement strict occupational health controls and worker protection programs. Import, use, and distribution are regulated, requiring compliance with notification and authorization procedures in many jurisdictions.

Diethyl sulfate can be purchased from OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals serving industrial and professional customers. Due to its hazardous classification and regulatory requirements, OYSI ensures proper handling, documentation, and compliance with European chemical regulations. As a professional chemical distributor, OYSI provides technical support and safety guidance to qualified customers requiring this specialized reagent for legitimate industrial applications while maintaining strict regulatory compliance.