Chloroform

Chloroform is a volatile organic compound with the chemical formula CHCl3 and CAS number 67-66-3. It is a trihalomethane with a molecular weight of 119.37 g/mol. This substance is classified as a carcinogen category 2 and reproductive toxicant category 2, making it a highly regulated chemical requiring careful handling and specialized applications in industrial settings.

Chloroform is a colorless, dense liquid at room temperature with a characteristic sweet odor. It has a boiling point of 61.2°C and is denser than water with a specific gravity of approximately 1.48. The compound is slightly soluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents including alcohols, ethers, and hydrocarbons, making it an effective solvent for many organic materials.

Chloroform is primarily used as an intermediate in the production of refrigerant gases, particularly HCFC-22. It serves as a solvent in laboratory applications, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and chemical synthesis processes. Due to its carcinogenic properties, its use has been significantly restricted, and it is mainly employed in controlled industrial processes where safer alternatives are not available.

Chloroform requires strict safety measures due to its acute toxicity and carcinogenic properties. Personnel must wear appropriate respiratory protection, chemical-resistant gloves, and protective clothing. Work should be conducted in well-ventilated areas or fume hoods to prevent inhalation. Skin and eye contact must be avoided, and emergency eyewash stations should be readily accessible during handling operations.

Chloroform must be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and direct sunlight. It should be kept in tightly sealed containers made of compatible materials such as glass or certain plastics. Storage areas should be equipped with appropriate ventilation systems and spill containment measures. The substance should be segregated from incompatible materials including strong bases and metals.

Immediate medical attention is required for any exposure to chloroform. In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, flush immediately with water for at least 15 minutes. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air and seek medical attention. Never induce vomiting if ingested.

Chloroform disposal must comply with local and international hazardous waste regulations due to its classification as a dangerous substance. It cannot be disposed of in regular waste streams or poured down drains. Professional hazardous waste disposal companies must handle the elimination process, typically involving high-temperature incineration at authorized facilities. Proper documentation and tracking are required throughout the disposal process.

Chloroform is classified under ADR Class 6.1 (toxic substances), Packing Group III, requiring specific packaging and labeling for transport. Packages must display the appropriate hazard labels including GHS06 and GHS08 pictograms with the signal word 'Danger'. Transport vehicles must carry emergency response information, and drivers require ADR certification for handling toxic substances during transportation across European borders.

Chloroform is heavily regulated under multiple European frameworks including REACH, CLP, and national chemical safety laws. Its classification as Carc. 2 and Repr. 2 subjects it to strict authorization requirements and exposure limits. Many consumer applications are prohibited, and industrial use requires comprehensive risk assessments, worker protection measures, and environmental monitoring to ensure compliance with occupational health standards.

OYSI serves as a reliable European distributor for chloroform, providing high-quality chemical products to industrial and research customers across Europe. As a specialized chemical supplier, OYSI ensures proper documentation, regulatory compliance, and safe delivery of chloroform to qualified buyers. Contact OYSI directly to discuss your specific requirements, quantities, and technical specifications for this regulated substance.