Butanoyl chloride

Butanoyl chloride is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H7ClO and CAS number 141-75-3. It belongs to the acyl chloride family, characterized by its highly reactive carbonyl-chlorine bond. With a molecular weight of 106.55 g/mol, this substance is classified as a flammable liquid and corrosive material, requiring careful handling due to its aggressive chemical properties and potential hazards to human health and safety.

Butanoyl chloride is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a pungent, acrid odor typical of acyl chlorides. It has a boiling point around 101-102°C and is highly reactive with water, undergoing rapid hydrolysis to form butanoic acid and hydrogen chloride. The compound is soluble in organic solvents but reacts violently with water and alcohols, making it moisture-sensitive and requiring anhydrous storage conditions.

Butanoyl chloride is primarily used as an acylating agent in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical manufacturing. It serves as an intermediate for producing esters, amides, and other derivatives through nucleophilic substitution reactions. The compound is valuable in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals. It's also employed in laboratory research for introducing butanoyl groups into organic molecules during chemical transformations.

Butanoyl chloride requires strict safety measures due to its corrosive and flammable nature. Essential personal protective equipment includes chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, face shield, and acid-resistant clothing. Work must be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to prevent inhalation of vapors. Avoid contact with water, alcohols, and other nucleophiles. Keep away from ignition sources and ensure proper grounding of equipment to prevent static electricity buildup.

Butanoyl chloride must be stored in tightly sealed, dry containers made of compatible materials such as glass or certain plastics. Storage areas should be cool, well-ventilated, and kept below 25°C away from heat sources and ignition points. The compound is incompatible with water, alcohols, amines, and strong bases. Store separately from oxidizing agents and ensure containers are properly labeled with appropriate hazard warnings according to GHS requirements.

Immediate action is crucial for butanoyl chloride exposure due to its corrosive properties. For skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and rinse affected area with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. In case of eye contact, flush immediately with water for 15-20 minutes while holding eyelids open. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately. Seek immediate medical attention for all exposure incidents and never induce vomiting if ingested.

Butanoyl chloride disposal must comply with local and European waste regulations as hazardous chemical waste. Small quantities can be carefully hydrolyzed with excess water or dilute alkali solution under controlled conditions, neutralizing the resulting acid. Large quantities require professional hazardous waste disposal through licensed contractors. Never pour down drains or dispose of in regular waste. Consult local environmental authorities for specific disposal requirements and approved facilities.

Butanoyl chloride is classified under ADR as Class 3 (flammable liquid), Packing Group II, requiring specific transport protocols. Packages must be properly labeled with appropriate hazard diamonds (GHS02, GHS05) and comply with UN packaging requirements. Vehicles must carry appropriate emergency equipment and documentation. Transport should be conducted by trained personnel familiar with dangerous goods regulations, avoiding extreme temperatures and ensuring secure containment during transit.

Butanoyl chloride is regulated under European REACH and CLP regulations due to its hazardous properties. It's classified as Flam. Liq. 2 and Skin Corr. 1B with the signal word 'Danger'. The substance is not currently listed as SVHC (Substance of Very High Concern). Users must comply with safety data sheet requirements, proper labeling, and risk assessment protocols. Industrial users may need to register quantities above certain thresholds under REACH provisions.

Butanoyl chloride is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals serving industrial and research customers across Europe. As a professional chemical supplier, OYSI ensures proper handling, documentation, and compliance with European regulations. For procurement, contact OYSI directly to discuss quantities, specifications, and delivery arrangements. Professional customers should be prepared to provide relevant documentation regarding intended use and safety capabilities for handling this hazardous material.