Benzonitrile

Benzonitrile is an aromatic nitrile compound with the chemical formula C7H5N and CAS number 100-47-0. It consists of a benzene ring attached to a nitrile group (-CN), giving it a molecular weight of 103.12 g/mol. This organic compound appears as a colorless liquid with a sweet almond-like odor and is classified as moderately toxic with acute toxicity category 4 under GHS classification.

Benzonitrile is a colorless, oily liquid with a characteristic sweet almond-like odor at room temperature. It has a boiling point of approximately 191°C and is slightly soluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents including alcohols, ethers, and aromatic hydrocarbons. The compound has a density of about 1.01 g/cm³ and exhibits good thermal stability under normal conditions.

Benzonitrile serves primarily as an intermediate in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical manufacturing. It is commonly used in the production of benzoic acid derivatives, dyes, rubber chemicals, and various pharmaceutical compounds. Additionally, it functions as a solvent for resins and polymers in industrial applications, and as a precursor in the synthesis of benzylamine and other nitrogen-containing organic compounds.

Benzonitrile requires careful handling due to its acute toxicity classification. Essential safety measures include wearing appropriate personal protective equipment such as chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work should be conducted in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to prevent inhalation exposure. Avoid skin and eye contact, and ensure emergency eyewash stations and safety showers are readily accessible.

Benzonitrile should be stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources, sparks, and direct sunlight. The storage area must be separated from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizing agents and strong bases. Containers should be properly labeled and stored in secondary containment to prevent environmental contamination in case of leakage.

Immediate first aid measures for benzonitrile exposure include removing contaminated clothing and rinsing affected skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. In case of eye contact, flush eyes thoroughly with clean water and seek medical attention immediately. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air and monitor breathing. For ingestion, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical care.

Benzonitrile disposal must comply with local and national hazardous waste regulations due to its toxic classification. The substance should never be poured down drains or disposed of with regular waste. Proper disposal involves collection by licensed hazardous waste contractors who can ensure incineration at appropriate high-temperature facilities or other approved treatment methods according to environmental protection guidelines.

Benzonitrile is classified as ADR Class 6.1 (toxic substances), Packing Group II, requiring specific transport regulations for dangerous goods. Transportation must use UN-approved packaging with proper labeling including GHS07 pictograms and 'Warning' signal word. Vehicles must carry appropriate documentation, emergency response information, and drivers require ADR certification for transporting toxic materials across European borders.

Benzonitrile is regulated under various European legislation including CLP Regulation for classification and labeling as Acute Tox. 4, and REACH Regulation for registration and safe use requirements. It is not currently listed as a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC). Users must comply with occupational exposure limits, waste management regulations, and transport requirements for toxic substances under ADR classification.

Benzonitrile is available through OYSI, a European distributor specializing in technical chemical products. OYSI provides reliable supply chains across Europe with proper documentation, safety data sheets, and regulatory compliance support. As a professional chemical distributor, OYSI ensures product quality and can assist with technical specifications, handling guidelines, and regulatory requirements for benzonitrile procurement.