Sodium azide

Sodium azide is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula N3Na and CAS number 26628-22-8. This crystalline salt has a molecular weight of 65.01 g/mol and is classified as highly toxic (Acute Tox. 2) and environmentally hazardous to aquatic life. It appears as a white or colorless crystalline powder and is highly soluble in water. Due to its extreme toxicity, sodium azide requires careful handling and is subject to strict safety regulations.

Sodium azide is a white to colorless crystalline powder that is odorless and highly soluble in water. It has a molecular weight of 65.01 g/mol and is stable under normal conditions but can decompose violently when heated or subjected to shock. The compound is hygroscopic and readily absorbs moisture from air. It forms highly toxic hydrazoic acid when in contact with acids and can react explosively with heavy metals and their salts.

Sodium azide is primarily used as a preservative in laboratory reagents and biological samples due to its antimicrobial properties. It serves as a precursor in the synthesis of other azide compounds and is utilized in airbag inflators in automotive safety systems, where it rapidly decomposes to produce nitrogen gas. Additionally, it finds applications in research laboratories as a metabolic inhibitor and in certain pharmaceutical preparations as a preservative agent.

Sodium azide must be handled with extreme caution due to its high toxicity (Acute Tox. 2). Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment including nitrile gloves, safety goggles, and respiratory protection. Work in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood to prevent inhalation. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Never mix with acids as this generates toxic hydrazoic acid gas. Use non-metallic tools to prevent explosive reactions with copper or lead.

Sodium azide should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and direct sunlight. Keep containers tightly sealed and store separately from acids, metals (especially copper, lead, and zinc), and oxidizing agents to prevent dangerous reactions. The storage area should be clearly labeled and access restricted to authorized personnel only. Maintain storage temperature below 25°C and ensure containers are made of compatible materials like glass or certain plastics.

Sodium azide exposure requires immediate emergency response due to its extreme toxicity. In case of skin contact, immediately remove contaminated clothing and wash affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, flush with water for 15-20 minutes while holding eyelids open. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately. In case of ingestion, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical attention. Always contact emergency services and provide the safety data sheet to medical personnel.

Sodium azide disposal must comply with local and national hazardous waste regulations as it is classified as toxic waste. Never dispose of sodium azide down drains or in regular waste streams due to its environmental toxicity (Aquatic Acute 1, Aquatic Chronic 1). Contact licensed hazardous waste disposal companies for proper collection and treatment. Small laboratory quantities may be neutralized following specific protocols, but this should only be done by trained personnel with appropriate safety measures and regulatory approval.

Sodium azide is classified under ADR Class 6.1 (toxic substances) Packing Group II, requiring specialized transport procedures. It must be packaged in UN-approved containers with proper labeling including GHS06 (skull and crossbones) and GHS09 (environment) pictograms and 'Danger' signal word. Transport documentation must include the proper shipping name and UN number. Only authorized carriers with appropriate training and equipment should handle transportation, and emergency response information must accompany shipments.

Sodium azide is subject to extensive regulations under CLP (Classification, Labelling and Packaging) as Acute Tox. 2 and environmental hazard categories. It falls under REACH registration requirements for commercial use in the EU. While not currently listed as a SVHC (Substance of Very High Concern), its high toxicity means it's subject to strict handling, storage, and disposal regulations. Users must comply with occupational exposure limits and maintain safety data sheets for workplace safety compliance.

Sodium azide is available through OYSI, a European distributor of technical chemicals, serving customers across the European market. Due to its high toxicity classification and regulatory requirements, purchase is typically restricted to qualified industrial and laboratory users who can demonstrate proper handling capabilities and legitimate use requirements. Buyers must provide appropriate documentation and comply with local regulations governing the acquisition and use of toxic substances before purchase approval.