Pentyl nitrate

Pentyl nitrate is an organic nitrate ester with the molecular formula C5H11NO3 and CAS number 1002-16-0. This chemical compound has a molecular weight of 133.15 g/mol and belongs to the class of alkyl nitrates. It is characterized by the presence of a nitrate functional group (-ONO2) attached to a pentyl carbon chain, making it a volatile organic compound with specific industrial applications.

Pentyl nitrate is typically a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature with a characteristic sweet, ethereal odor. As an organic nitrate ester, it exhibits moderate volatility and is generally soluble in organic solvents such as alcohols and hydrocarbons, while having limited solubility in water. The compound's volatility and molecular structure contribute to its specific handling and storage requirements in industrial applications.

Pentyl nitrate is primarily used as a fuel additive and combustion enhancer in specialized industrial applications. It serves as an oxygenate compound that can improve fuel performance and combustion characteristics. Additionally, it may be utilized in research applications and as an intermediate in organic synthesis processes. Its nitrate ester structure makes it valuable in applications requiring controlled energy release or specific combustion properties.

Pentyl nitrate should be handled with appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work in well-ventilated areas or under fume extraction systems to prevent vapor inhalation. Avoid contact with heat sources, open flames, and strong oxidizing agents. Use non-sparking tools and ensure proper grounding of equipment to prevent static electricity buildup during handling operations.

Pentyl nitrate must be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and ignition sources. Keep containers tightly sealed and store in original packaging or compatible containers. Maintain storage temperatures below recommended limits and separate from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers, acids, and bases. Ensure storage areas comply with local fire safety regulations for flammable liquids.

In case of skin contact with pentyl nitrate, immediately remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, flush immediately with clean water for 15-20 minutes while holding eyelids open. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air immediately. Seek medical attention if irritation persists or if large amounts were involved in the exposure.

Pentyl nitrate waste must be disposed of according to local, national, and international hazardous waste regulations. Do not pour down drains or release into the environment. Contact licensed hazardous waste disposal companies for proper collection and treatment. Small quantities may require special handling due to the compound's flammable nature. Always consult local environmental authorities for specific disposal requirements in your region.

Pentyl nitrate is classified under ADR Class 3 (flammable liquids), Packing Group III for transportation purposes. It must be packaged in UN-approved containers and properly labeled with appropriate hazard markings. Transport vehicles must comply with ADR requirements for Class 3 substances, including proper ventilation and fire safety equipment. Drivers must hold valid ADR certification for transporting flammable liquids.

Pentyl nitrate is subject to standard chemical regulations including REACH registration requirements in the European Union and CLP classification obligations. As a flammable liquid under ADR Class 3, it must comply with transportation regulations. While not currently listed as a SVHC substance, users must follow general chemical safety legislation and may need to comply with additional local regulations regarding flammable materials storage and handling.

Pentyl nitrate is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals serving industrial customers across Europe. As an established chemical supplier, OYSI can provide pentyl nitrate with proper documentation, safety data sheets, and regulatory compliance information. Contact OYSI directly for availability, technical specifications, packaging options, and delivery arrangements to your specific European location for your industrial applications.