Ethyl nitrate

Ethyl nitrate is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C2H5NO3 and CAS number 625-58-1. It belongs to the class of nitrate esters and has a molecular weight of 91.07 g/mol. This substance is classified as an unstable explosive (Unst. Expl.) under GHS regulations, requiring special handling precautions. Ethyl nitrate appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with characteristic properties typical of nitrate compounds.

Ethyl nitrate is a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature with a molecular weight of 91.07 g/mol. It exhibits moderate volatility and is soluble in organic solvents but has limited water solubility. The compound demonstrates typical nitrate ester characteristics including sensitivity to heat, shock, and friction. Its explosive nature requires careful temperature control during handling and storage to prevent decomposition reactions.

Ethyl nitrate serves primarily as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. It finds applications in the production of specialized chemicals and as a reagent in laboratory research. Due to its explosive classification, its industrial uses are limited and require specialized facilities with appropriate safety measures. The compound may also be utilized in specific analytical procedures where nitrate esters are required.

Ethyl nitrate requires extreme caution during handling due to its unstable explosive classification. Personnel must wear appropriate PPE including explosion-proof equipment, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work areas should be well-ventilated and free from ignition sources, heat, and friction. All handling operations should be conducted in controlled environments with proper grounding procedures. Emergency response equipment must be readily available, and personnel should be trained in explosive material handling protocols.

Ethyl nitrate must be stored in cool, dry conditions away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and incompatible materials. Storage areas should be temperature-controlled and equipped with explosion-proof electrical equipment. The compound should be kept in appropriate containers designed for explosive materials and separated from oxidizing agents, reducing substances, and ignition sources. Regular temperature monitoring and proper ventilation are essential for safe storage.

Ethyl nitrate exposure requires immediate first aid measures depending on the contact route. For skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and flush affected areas with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. In case of eye contact, rinse immediately with water and seek medical attention. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air and provide respiratory support if needed. Always seek immediate medical attention and inform healthcare providers about the explosive nature of the substance.

Ethyl nitrate disposal requires specialized hazardous waste procedures due to its explosive classification. The substance must be handled by licensed waste disposal companies experienced with explosive materials. Small quantities should be diluted carefully under controlled conditions before disposal. Never dispose of ethyl nitrate through regular waste streams or pour down drains. Contact local environmental authorities for specific disposal requirements and approved waste management facilities in your region.

Ethyl nitrate transport requires compliance with dangerous goods regulations due to its explosive nature. The substance must be packaged in UN-approved containers suitable for explosive materials and properly labeled with GHS01 pictograms and danger warnings. Transportation should only be conducted by carriers certified for dangerous goods handling. Specific ADR classification details should be confirmed with transport authorities, and all shipping documentation must accurately reflect the explosive hazard classification.

Ethyl nitrate is subject to extensive regulations under REACH, CLP, and explosive materials legislation in Europe. The compound requires safety data sheets compliant with CLP classification showing Unst. Expl. hazard class and GHS01 pictogram. It is not currently listed as an SVHC substance, but its explosive nature subjects it to strict handling, storage, and transport regulations. Users must comply with local explosive materials permits and workplace safety requirements.

Ethyl nitrate is available through specialized chemical distributors in Europe, including OYSI, which supplies various chemical products to European markets. Due to its explosive classification, procurement requires proper licensing and compliance with dangerous goods regulations. Suppliers must verify customer credentials and intended use before processing orders. Contact OYSI or other certified chemical distributors for availability, technical specifications, and regulatory compliance support for ethyl nitrate procurement.