Azanium hydroxide

Azanium hydroxide is an inorganic chemical compound with the molecular formula H5NO and CAS number 1336-21-6. This substance has a molecular weight of 35.046 g/mol and is commonly known as ammonium hydroxide or aqueous ammonia. It is classified as a corrosive substance with significant hazard properties, requiring careful handling and appropriate safety measures in industrial and laboratory applications.

Azanium hydroxide is typically a colorless to pale yellow aqueous solution with a characteristic pungent ammonia odor. It is highly soluble in water and exists as a basic solution with high pH values. The substance is corrosive and reactive, particularly with acids and certain metals. Its volatility releases ammonia gas, which contributes to its distinctive smell and requires proper ventilation during handling.

Azanium hydroxide serves multiple industrial purposes including cleaning and degreasing operations, metal surface treatment, and as a pH adjustment agent in various chemical processes. It is commonly used in manufacturing fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, and textiles. The substance also finds applications in water treatment processes and as a laboratory reagent for analytical procedures and chemical synthesis reactions.

Azanium hydroxide requires strict safety protocols due to its corrosive nature (Skin Corr. 1B classification). Essential personal protective equipment includes chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to avoid inhalation of ammonia vapors. Handle containers carefully to prevent spills and ensure immediate access to eyewash stations and emergency showers.

Azanium hydroxide should be stored in tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers in cool, dry, and well-ventilated areas away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep separate from acids, oxidizing agents, and incompatible materials to prevent dangerous reactions. Storage areas must have appropriate containment systems for potential spills and should be accessible only to trained personnel with proper safety equipment.

Immediate action is required for any contact with azanium hydroxide. For skin contact, rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and remove contaminated clothing. In case of eye contact, flush with water for at least 20 minutes and seek immediate medical attention. If inhaled, move to fresh air immediately. Remove the person from exposure and seek medical help if breathing difficulties occur.

Azanium hydroxide disposal must comply with local and national environmental regulations as it poses aquatic toxicity risks (Aquatic Acute 1). Neutralization with appropriate acids under controlled conditions may be required before disposal. Contact licensed waste management companies for proper treatment and disposal. Never discharge directly into sewers, waterways, or soil without proper treatment and regulatory approval.

Azanium hydroxide is classified under ADR Class 2 for transportation, indicating it is considered a gas or gas-related substance due to its ammonia content. Transport requires appropriate packaging, labeling with GHS05 and GHS09 pictograms, and documentation indicating its corrosive and environmentally hazardous properties. Only authorized carriers with proper training and equipment should handle transportation of this substance.

Azanium hydroxide is regulated under various European legislation including REACH and CLP regulations. It is not classified as a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC), but its corrosive properties and environmental impact require compliance with safety data sheet requirements, proper labeling, and notification procedures. Industrial users must implement appropriate risk management measures and worker protection protocols.

Azanium hydroxide is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals serving industrial customers across the continent. OYSI provides high-quality chemical products with proper documentation, safety data sheets, and regulatory compliance support. Contact OYSI directly for availability, specifications, and delivery options to meet your specific industrial or laboratory requirements.