[3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate
C5H8N4O12
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Identification
- CAS Number
- 78-11-5
- EC Number
- 201-084-3
- UN Number
- Index Number
- 603-035-00-5
- PubChem CID
- 6518
Physical-chemical properties
- Molecular Formula
- C5H8N4O12
- Molar Mass
- 316.14 g/mol
- IUPAC Name
- [3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate
Chemical Identifiers
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C5H8N4O12/c10-6(11)18-1-5(2-19-7(12)13,3-20-8(14)15)4-21-9(16)17/h1-4H2
- InChI Key
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Overview
[3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate (CAS 78-11-5) is a highly explosive nitrate ester compound with exceptional detonation properties and extreme sensitivity to impact. This pentaerythritol tetranitrate derivative represents one of the most powerful explosive compounds available for industrial applications. With its molecular formula C5H8N4O12 and molecular weight of 316.14 g/mol, this nitrate ester exhibits remarkable explosive characteristics that have made it valuable in specialized industrial sectors. The compound belongs to the explosive class 1.1 under GHS classification, requiring the highest level of safety precautions during handling, storage, and transportation. The substance's structure features four nitrate groups attached to a pentaerythritol backbone, creating a highly energetic material with exceptional brisance and detonation velocity. This configuration makes it significantly more powerful than conventional explosives, sharing some structural similarities with compounds like [(2R,3R,4R,5R)-1,2,4,5,6-pentanitrooxyhexan-3-yl] nitrate in terms of multiple nitrate ester functionalities. Due to its extreme sensitivity to friction, impact, heat, and static electricity, this compound demands specialized handling protocols and storage conditions. The GHS01 pictogram and "Danger" signal word reflect its hazardous nature, requiring personnel to maintain strict safety measures including appropriate personal protective equipment and controlled environmental conditions. Primary industrial applications include specialized mining operations, military ordnance, and demolition projects where maximum explosive power is required. The compound also finds use in certain seismic exploration activities and controlled demolition operations requiring precise explosive characteristics. OYSI maintains availability of this highly regulated explosive compound for qualified industrial customers meeting strict safety and regulatory requirements.
Safety & Classification
Expl. 1.1
HHazard Statements (H-Statements)
Describe the nature and severity of the hazard
Explosive; mass explosion hazard.
Classification according to CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008. The complete list of hazard and precautionary statements can be found in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS).
First Aid Measures
Frequently Asked Questions
What is [3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate?
[3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate is a highly energetic nitrate ester compound with the molecular formula C5H8N4O12 and CAS number 78-11-5. This chemical substance has a molecular weight of 316.14 g/mol and belongs to the explosive materials category, classified as Expl. 1.1 under the GHS system. It contains multiple nitrate functional groups in its molecular structure, making it extremely sensitive to heat, shock, and friction.
What are the physicochemical properties of [3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate?
[3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate is a solid crystalline substance at room temperature with explosive properties. As a nitrate ester compound, it typically appears as white to pale yellow crystals and is sensitive to mechanical impact, friction, and elevated temperatures. The compound has limited solubility in water but may dissolve in certain organic solvents. Its high oxygen content and multiple nitrate groups contribute to its energetic characteristics.
What is [3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate used for?
[3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate is primarily used as an explosive material in specialized industrial applications. Due to its high explosive classification (Expl. 1.1), it finds applications in controlled demolition, mining operations, and military ordnance. The compound may also serve as a component in explosive formulations and pyrotechnic compositions. Its use is strictly regulated and limited to authorized personnel with proper licensing and safety training.
How to handle [3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate safely?
[3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate requires extreme caution during handling due to its explosive nature (Expl. 1.1). Personnel must wear appropriate PPE including antistatic clothing, safety glasses, and protective gloves. Work areas must be equipped with explosion-proof equipment and adequate ventilation. Avoid friction, impact, sparks, and heat sources. Only trained and authorized personnel should handle this material in designated explosive-safe areas with proper safety protocols.
How to store [3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate correctly?
[3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate must be stored in specialized explosive storage facilities complying with national regulations. The storage area should be cool, dry, well-ventilated, and away from heat sources, ignition sources, and incompatible materials. Containers must be properly grounded and bonded. Storage quantities are strictly regulated, and the facility must meet specific construction standards for explosive materials with appropriate safety distances and security measures.
What to do in case of contact with [3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate?
In case of skin contact with [3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate, immediately remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, flush with clean water for 15 minutes while holding eyelids open. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air immediately. Seek immediate medical attention in all cases and inform medical personnel about the explosive nature of the substance.
How to dispose of [3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate appropriately?
[3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate disposal must be conducted by licensed hazardous waste disposal companies specialized in explosive materials. The substance cannot be disposed of through normal waste streams due to its explosive classification. Disposal methods typically involve controlled detonation or specialized chemical treatment by qualified explosive ordnance disposal professionals. All disposal activities must comply with local, national, and international regulations governing explosive waste materials.
How to transport [3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate?
[3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate is classified as dangerous goods requiring specialized transport procedures under ADR/IMDG regulations. Transportation requires proper explosive packaging, labeling with GHS01 pictogram, and documentation including safety data sheets. Only authorized carriers with explosive transport licenses can handle shipments. Vehicles must be equipped with appropriate safety equipment, and drivers must have hazardous materials transport certification and training.
Is [3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate subject to specific regulations?
[3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate is subject to extensive regulations as an explosive substance under various national and international frameworks. It falls under explosive regulations, requires special licenses for possession and use, and is controlled under weapons and explosive materials legislation. The substance is also regulated under REACH and CLP regulations in Europe, requiring proper registration, classification, and safety documentation for commercial use.
Where to buy [3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate in Europe?
[3-nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals with expertise in hazardous materials. Due to its explosive classification, procurement requires proper licensing, end-user certificates, and compliance with national explosive regulations. OYSI provides comprehensive documentation and regulatory support to qualified customers. Purchase is restricted to authorized users with appropriate permits and legitimate industrial applications requiring explosive materials.
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Data Sources
Classification per CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008. Data from ECHA and PubChem.