Urea

Urea is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH4N2O, representing the diamide of carbonic acid. It appears as white, odorless crystals or powder and is highly soluble in water. With a molecular weight of 60.056 g/mol, urea is naturally occurring in mammalian urine and is also synthetically produced on an industrial scale. It serves as one of the most important nitrogen-containing chemicals in various industries.

Urea is a white, crystalline solid that is odorless and highly hygroscopic. It has a molecular formula of CH4N2O with a molar mass of 60.056 g/mol. The compound exhibits excellent water solubility (approximately 1080 g/L at 20°C) and melts at around 133-135°C. Urea is stable under normal conditions but decomposes at higher temperatures, releasing ammonia and carbon dioxide.

Urea serves primarily as a nitrogen fertilizer in agriculture, representing about 46% nitrogen content by weight. It is extensively used in the chemical industry for manufacturing plastics, particularly urea-formaldehyde resins, adhesives, and coatings. Additional applications include its use in diesel exhaust fluid (AdBlue) for NOx reduction, cosmetics and skincare products, animal feed supplements, and as a raw material for pharmaceutical synthesis.

Urea is generally safe to handle as it presents no significant hazard classification and requires no specific safety pictograms. Standard laboratory safety practices should be followed, including wearing appropriate personal protective equipment such as safety glasses, gloves, and lab coats. Avoid inhaling dust particles and ensure adequate ventilation in work areas. Wash hands thoroughly after handling and avoid eating, drinking, or smoking during use.

Urea should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and moisture sources due to its hygroscopic nature. Keep containers tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption and caking. Store in original packaging or suitable containers made of compatible materials. Maintain storage temperatures below 40°C and ensure good ventilation. Keep away from strong acids and oxidizing agents to prevent unwanted reactions.

Urea is generally non-toxic and poses minimal health risks upon contact. In case of skin contact, wash the affected area with soap and water. If eye contact occurs, rinse thoroughly with clean water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists. If inhaled as dust, move to fresh air. In case of ingestion, rinse mouth with water and seek medical advice if large quantities were consumed.

Urea can be disposed of according to local environmental regulations as it is not classified as hazardous waste. Small quantities can often be dissolved in water and disposed of via wastewater systems, as urea is biodegradable. For larger quantities, contact licensed waste disposal companies. Do not release directly into the environment in concentrated forms. Packaging should be completely emptied and recycled according to local waste management guidelines.

Urea is not classified as a dangerous good under ADR regulations and can be transported without special restrictions. Standard precautions for chemical transport should be followed, including proper packaging to prevent spillage and moisture ingress. Use appropriate containers that can withstand normal transport conditions. Ensure packages are properly labeled with product identification and maintain documentation for traceability throughout the supply chain.

Urea is registered under REACH regulation and is not classified as a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC). It does not require hazard pictograms under CLP regulation due to its low toxicity profile. However, when used in fertilizer applications, it may be subject to specific agricultural regulations. Industrial users should maintain safety data sheets and comply with standard chemical handling regulations in their respective jurisdictions.

Urea is available through OYSI, a specialized European distributor of technical chemicals. OYSI supplies high-quality urea suitable for various industrial applications across Europe. As an established chemical distributor, OYSI ensures reliable supply chains, proper documentation, and technical support for customers. Contact OYSI directly for specific grades, quantities, and delivery options tailored to your industrial requirements and geographic location within Europe.