3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid

3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5NO5S and CAS number 98-47-5. This chemical features both a nitro group (-NO2) and a sulfonic acid group (-SO3H) attached to a benzene ring in meta positions. With a molecular weight of 203.17 g/mol, it belongs to the class of nitrobenzenesulfonic acids and serves as an important intermediate in organic synthesis and industrial chemical processes.

3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid typically appears as a yellowish to light brown crystalline solid at room temperature. The compound is highly soluble in water due to its sulfonic acid group, which makes it a strong acid. It exhibits hygroscopic properties, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from air. The presence of both electron-withdrawing nitro and sulfonic acid groups significantly affects its reactivity and solubility characteristics in various solvents.

3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, pigments, and pharmaceutical compounds. It serves as a key building block in the production of various aromatic compounds through reduction, substitution, and coupling reactions. The compound is also utilized in the manufacture of optical brighteners, specialty chemicals, and as a precursor for producing 3-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (metanilic acid), which is important in dye chemistry.

3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid should be handled with appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Work in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods to avoid inhalation of dust or vapors. Avoid direct skin and eye contact, as the compound can cause irritation. Use non-sparking tools and equipment, and ensure proper grounding when handling to prevent static electricity buildup during transfer operations.

3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep containers tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption due to its hygroscopic nature. Store away from incompatible materials such as strong bases, reducing agents, and metals. Use appropriate secondary containment and ensure storage areas are equipped with spill control measures. Regular inspection of container integrity is recommended.

In case of skin contact with 3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid, immediately remove contaminated clothing and flush the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. For eye contact, rinse thoroughly with water for several minutes and remove contact lenses if present. If inhaled, move the person to fresh air immediately. In case of ingestion, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical attention. Always consult a physician after any significant exposure.

3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid must be disposed of in accordance with local, national, and international waste regulations. The compound should not be discharged into sewers or waterways. Contact licensed waste disposal companies for proper treatment and disposal. Small quantities may be neutralized carefully under controlled conditions before disposal, but this should only be done by trained personnel. Always consult local environmental authorities for specific disposal requirements in your region.

3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is classified under ADR Class 8 (Corrosive substances), Packing Group II. Transport requires appropriate UN-approved packaging and proper labeling with corrosive hazard markings. Vehicles must carry appropriate emergency equipment and documentation. Drivers need ADR training certification for Class 8 materials. Ensure packages are properly secured to prevent damage during transit and follow all applicable dangerous goods transportation regulations for road, rail, or sea transport.

3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is subject to REACH regulation in the European Union, requiring registration for manufacturing or importing quantities above specified thresholds. The compound must comply with CLP regulation for classification, labeling, and packaging. It is not currently listed as a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC). Users must follow standard chemical safety regulations, maintain safety data sheets, and implement appropriate risk management measures according to local and international chemical legislation.

3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is available through OYSI, a leading European distributor of specialty chemicals. OYSI provides high-quality chemical products to industrial customers across Europe with reliable supply chain management. As a professional chemical distributor, OYSI ensures compliance with all relevant European regulations including REACH and ADR requirements. Contact OYSI directly for specific product specifications, availability, packaging options, and technical support for your application requirements.